Efficient Indoor Data Transmission With Full Dimming Control in Hybrid Visible Light/Infrared Communication Systems

We design a hybrid visible light (VL) and infrared (IR) data transmission scheme for indoor visible light communication (VLC) systems with multi-pulse position modulation (MPPM) dimming control. A low-power IR light-emitting diode is adopted to assist the VL downlink especially when the dimming level of VL is low. Both VL and IR orthogonal frequency division multiplexing signals are transmitted alternately during the “on” and “off” periods of MPPM dimming controlled pulses. In this way, MPPM “off” periods can be efficiently utilized to convey data information without affecting illumination level. This arrangement ensures reliable data transmission under all illumination conditions including dark scenario. Numerical results show that the additional IR link can always facilitate the use of low M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) levels. The fluctuation of required M-QAM symbol rates caused by dimming control can also be mitigated. At low dimming levels, both the receiver sensitivity requirement for the VL link and the total required transmit power can be significantly alleviated while maintaining a constant data rate at BER < 10–3. Even with limited launching power, the proposed scheme can still extend dimming control range while achieving stable and reliable transmission quality effectively.

[1]  Yu Zeng,et al.  Multiple pulse amplitude and position modulation for the optical wireless channel , 2008, 2008 10th Anniversary International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks.

[2]  Nadarajah Narendran,et al.  Spectral and luminous efficacy change of high-power LEDs under different dimming methods , 2006, SPIE Optics + Photonics.

[3]  George K. Karagiannidis,et al.  Simultaneous Lightwave Information and Power Transfer (SLIPT) for Indoor IoT Applications , 2017, GLOBECOM 2017 - 2017 IEEE Global Communications Conference.

[4]  John R. Barry,et al.  Indoor Channel Characteristics for Visible Light Communications , 2011, IEEE Commun. Lett..

[5]  Joseph M. Kahn,et al.  Wireless Infrared Communications , 1994 .

[6]  Rajendran Parthiban,et al.  LED Based Indoor Visible Light Communications: State of the Art , 2015, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[7]  Eduward Tangdiongga,et al.  Free-space transmission with passive 2D beam steering for multi-gigabit-per-second per-beam indoor optical wireless networks. , 2016, Optics express.

[8]  Hoon Kim,et al.  Energy-Efficient Brightness Control and Data Transmission for Visible Light Communication , 2014, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[9]  J. Armstrong,et al.  OFDM for Optical Communications , 2009, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[10]  Rajendran Parthiban,et al.  Dimming schemes for visible light communication: the state of research , 2015, IEEE Wireless Communications.

[11]  Changyuan Yu,et al.  Performance of a novel LED lamp arrangement to reduce SNR fluctuation for multi-user visible light communication systems. , 2012, Optics express.

[12]  Muhammad Tahir,et al.  Joint Rate-Brightness Control using Variable Rate MPPM for LED Based Visible Light Communication Systems , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[13]  Fuad E. Alsaadi,et al.  Fast and Efficient Adaptation Algorithms for Multi-Gigabit Wireless Infrared Systems , 2013, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[14]  Muhammad Tahir,et al.  Bandwidth efficient multi-level MPPM encoding decoding algorithms for joint brightness-rate control in VLC systems , 2014, 2014 IEEE Global Communications Conference.

[15]  Harald Haas,et al.  Indoor broadcasting via white LEDs and OFDM , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics.

[16]  K. Nosu,et al.  MPPM: a method for improving the band-utilization efficiency in optical PPM , 1989 .

[17]  M.H. Crawford,et al.  LEDs for Solid-State Lighting: Performance Challenges and Recent Advances , 2009, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics.

[18]  Changyuan Yu,et al.  Efficient transmission under low dimming control levels in indoor visible light communications , 2016, 2016 10th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP).

[19]  Zabih Ghassemlooy,et al.  Experimental demonstration of a 10BASE-T Ethernet visible light communications system using white phosphor light-emitting diodes , 2014, IET Circuits Devices Syst..

[20]  Murat Yuksel,et al.  LIGHTNETs: Smart LIGHTing and Mobile Optical Wireless NETworks — A Survey , 2013, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[21]  Eun-byeol Cho,et al.  Pulse width modulation based signal format for visible light communications , 2010, OECC 2010 Technical Digest.

[22]  Jean Armstrong,et al.  A novel technique to simultaneously transmit ACO-OFDM and DCO-OFDM in IM/DD systems , 2011, 2011 IEEE GLOBECOM Workshops (GC Wkshps).

[23]  A. Goldsmith,et al.  Variable-rate variable-power MQAM for fading channels , 1996, Proceedings of Vehicular Technology Conference - VTC.

[24]  Jong Kyu Kim,et al.  Solid-State Light Sources Getting Smart , 2005, Science.

[25]  Jean Armstrong,et al.  Comparison of Asymmetrically Clipped Optical OFDM and DC-Biased Optical OFDM in AWGN , 2008, IEEE Communications Letters.

[26]  Dominic C. O'Brien,et al.  High data rate multiple input multiple output (MIMO) optical wireless communications using white led lighting , 2009, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[27]  Harald Haas,et al.  Avoiding spectral efficiency loss in unipolar OFDM for optical wireless communication , 2014, 2014 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC).

[28]  Honglei Li,et al.  High Bandwidth Visible Light Communications Based on a Post-Equalization Circuit , 2014, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[29]  S. Randel,et al.  Broadband Information Broadcasting Using LED-Based Interior Lighting , 2008, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[30]  Masao Nakagawa,et al.  Fundamental analysis for visible-light communication system using LED lights , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics.

[31]  P. Winzer,et al.  Capacity Limits of Optical Fiber Networks , 2010, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[32]  Zabih Ghassemlooy,et al.  Visible light communications employing PPM and PWM formats for simultaneous data transmission and dimming , 2015 .

[33]  Refik Caglar Kizilirmak,et al.  Mitigation of illumination interference caused by PWM dimming in OFDM based visible light communication systems , 2015, 2015 International Conference on Computer, Communications, and Control Technology (I4CT).

[34]  Zabih Ghassemlooy,et al.  Optical Wireless Communications: System and Channel Modelling with MATLAB® , 2012 .

[35]  Kwonhyung Lee,et al.  Modulations for Visible Light Communications With Dimming Control , 2011, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[36]  Changyuan Yu,et al.  Efficient Data Transmission Using MPPM Dimming Control in Indoor Visible Light Communication , 2015, IEEE Photonics Journal.

[37]  Changyuan Yu,et al.  Performance of dimming control scheme in visible light communication system. , 2012, Optics express.

[38]  Sridhar Rajagopal,et al.  IEEE 802.15.7 visible light communication: modulation schemes and dimming support , 2012, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[39]  John F. Canny,et al.  A Computational Approach to Edge Detection , 1986, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[40]  G Ntogari,et al.  Combining Illumination Dimming Based on Pulse-Width Modulation With Visible-Light Communications Based on Discrete Multitone , 2011, IEEE/OSA Journal of Optical Communications and Networking.

[41]  D. O’brien,et al.  100-Mb/s NRZ Visible Light Communications Using a Postequalized White LED , 2009, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[42]  Hany Elgala,et al.  Reverse polarity optical-OFDM (RPO-OFDM): dimming compatible OFDM for gigabit VLC links. , 2013, Optics express.

[43]  K. Mekonnen,et al.  Ultra-High Capacity Indoor Optical Wireless Communication Using 2D-Steered Pencil Beams , 2016, Journal of Lightwave Technology.