A novel cognitive interpretation of breast cancer thermography with complementary learning fuzzy neural memory structure

Abstract Early detection of breast cancer is the key to improve survival rate. Thermogram is a promising front-line screening tool as it is able to warn women of breast cancer up to 10 years in advance. However, analysis and interpretation of thermogram are heavily dependent on the analysts, which may be inconsistent and error-prone. In order to boost the accuracy of preliminary screening using thermogram without incurring additional financial burden, Complementary Learning Fuzzy Neural Network (CLFNN), FALCON-AART is proposed as the Computer-Assisted Intervention (CAI) tool for thermogram analysis. CLFNN is a neuroscience-inspired technique that provides intuitive fuzzy rules, human-like reasoning, and good classification performance. Confluence of thermogram and CLFNN offers a promising tool for fighting breast cancer.

[1]  T. Maeba,et al.  Standardization of thermographic breast cancer detection-role of qualitative findings and quantitative findings , 2000, Proceedings of the 22nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (Cat. No.00CH37143).

[2]  S Shapiro,et al.  Report of the International Workshop on Screening for Breast Cancer. , 1993, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[3]  Francesca Valent,et al.  Role of Mammography, Ultrasound and Large Core Biopsy in the Diagnostic Evaluation of Papillary Breast Lesions , 2003, Oncology.

[4]  Antonio C. R. da Silva,et al.  A neural network made of a Kohonen's SOM coupled to a MLP trained via backpropagation for the diagnosis of malignant breast cancer from digital mammograms , 1999, IJCNN.

[5]  J. Meyer,et al.  Large-core needle biopsy of nonpalpable breast lesions. , 1999, JAMA.

[6]  L L Fajardo,et al.  Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of nonpalpable breast lesions in a multicenter clinical trial: results from the radiologic diagnostic oncology group V. , 2001, Radiology.

[7]  Y Ohashi,et al.  Applying dynamic thermography in the diagnosis of breast cancer. , 2000, IEEE engineering in medicine and biology magazine : the quarterly magazine of the Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society.

[8]  C.A. Pena-Reyes,et al.  Designing breast cancer diagnostic systems via a hybrid fuzzy-genetic methodology , 1999, FUZZ-IEEE'99. 1999 IEEE International Fuzzy Systems. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.99CH36315).

[9]  A. Stavros,et al.  Solid breast nodules: use of sonography to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions. , 1995, Radiology.

[10]  D. Saslow,et al.  Performance and Reporting of Clinical Breast Examination: A Review of the Literature , 2004, CA: a cancer journal for clinicians.

[11]  M. West,et al.  Gene expression predictors of breast cancer outcomes , 2003, The Lancet.

[12]  E R Frykberg,et al.  Breast biopsy. Changing patterns during a five-year period. , 1990, The American surgeon.

[13]  N Houssami,et al.  New technologies in screening for breast cancer: a systematic review of their accuracy , 2004, British Journal of Cancer.

[14]  C. D'Orsi,et al.  Clinical comparison of full-field digital mammography and screen-film mammography for detection of breast cancer. , 2002, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[15]  J. Elmore,et al.  Variability in radiologists' interpretations of mammograms. , 1994, The New England journal of medicine.

[16]  John Kotre Image processing in the fight against breast cancer , 1993 .

[17]  Joseph Y. Lo,et al.  Application of a new evolutionary programming/adaptive boosting hybrid to breast cancer diagnosis , 2000, Proceedings of the 2000 Congress on Evolutionary Computation. CEC00 (Cat. No.00TH8512).

[18]  Antonina Starita,et al.  A neural tool for breast cancer detection and classification in MRI , 2001, 2001 Conference Proceedings of the 23rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society.

[19]  I. Gauthier,et al.  Expertise for cars and birds recruits brain areas involved in face recognition , 2000, Nature Neuroscience.

[20]  W. P. Darby,et al.  Individual and combined effectiveness of palpation, thermography, and mammography in breast cancer screening. , 1980, Preventive medicine.

[21]  Sarah Lenington,et al.  Novel EIS postprocessing algorithm for breast cancer diagnosis , 2002, IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging.

[22]  D. Chen,et al.  Breast cancer diagnosis using self-organizing map for sonography. , 2000, Ultrasound in medicine & biology.

[23]  Heang-Ping Chan,et al.  Computer-aided detection of breast cancer. , 2004, Radiology.

[24]  M. J. Varga,et al.  Thermal analysis of infra-red mammography , 1992, Proceedings., 11th IAPR International Conference on Pattern Recognition. Vol. III. Conference C: Image, Speech and Signal Analysis,.

[25]  F. Schnorrenberg,et al.  Improved detection of breast cancer nuclei using modular neural networks. , 2000, IEEE engineering in medicine and biology magazine : the quarterly magazine of the Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society.

[26]  T. Jakubowska,et al.  Thermal signatures for breast cancer screening comparative study , 2003, Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37439).

[27]  William C. Amalu,et al.  A Review of Breast Thermography , 2003 .

[28]  C. A. Lipari,et al.  The important role of infrared imaging in breast cancer , 2000, IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine.

[29]  Xin Yao,et al.  Neural networks for breast cancer diagnosis , 1999, Proceedings of the 1999 Congress on Evolutionary Computation-CEC99 (Cat. No. 99TH8406).

[30]  Huseyin Seker,et al.  Prognostic comparison of statistical, neural and fuzzy methods of analysis of breast cancer image cytometric data , 2001, 2001 Conference Proceedings of the 23rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society.

[31]  Palma Blonda,et al.  A survey of fuzzy clustering algorithms for pattern recognition. I , 1999, IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part B.

[32]  A. Miller,et al.  Quantitative classification of mammographic densities and breast cancer risk: results from the Canadian National Breast Screening Study. , 1995, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[33]  D. B. Rosen,et al.  Neural networks for measuring cancer outcomes , 1994, Conference Proceedings. 10th Anniversary. IMTC/94. Advanced Technologies in I & M. 1994 IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technolgy Conference (Cat. No.94CH3424-9).

[34]  S. K. Moore Better breast cancer detection , 2001 .

[35]  R A Cooper,et al.  Accuracy and complication rates of US-guided vacuum-assisted core breast biopsy: initial results. , 2000, Radiology.

[36]  Petra Perner,et al.  Data Mining - Concepts and Techniques , 2002, Künstliche Intell..

[37]  José Antonio Gómez-Ruiz,et al.  A Neural Network Based Model for Prognosis of Early Breast Cancer , 2004, Applied Intelligence.

[38]  Chin-Teng Lin,et al.  An ART-based fuzzy adaptive learning control network , 1997, IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst..

[39]  Parag C. Pendharkar,et al.  Association, statistical, mathematical and neural approaches for mining breast cancer patterns , 1999 .

[40]  G. Kokkinakis,et al.  Computer aided diagnosis of breast cancer in digitized mammograms. , 2002, Computerized medical imaging and graphics : the official journal of the Computerized Medical Imaging Society.

[41]  Feng Luan,et al.  Diagnosing Breast Cancer Based on Support Vector Machines , 2003, J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci..

[42]  M Gautherie,et al.  THERMOPATHOLOGY OF BREAST CANCER: MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS OF IN VIVO TEMPERATURE AND BLOOD FLOW , 1980, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[43]  P. Kosmas,et al.  Modeling with the FDTD method for microwave breast cancer detection , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques.

[44]  Hee Chan Kim,et al.  Computer-aided diagnosis of solid breast nodules: use of an artificial neural network based on multiple sonographic features , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging.

[45]  Qiuhong He,et al.  Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging of human breast cancer by selective multiple quantum coherence transfer , 1999, Proceedings of the IEEE 25th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference (Cat. No. 99CH36355).

[46]  S. Fields,et al.  Computerized Diagnostics In Digital Mammography , 1996, Proceedings of 19th Convention of Electrical and Electronics Engineers in Israel.

[47]  Dansheng Song,et al.  Ipsilateral-mammogram computer-aided detection of breast cancer. , 2004, Computerized medical imaging and graphics : the official journal of the Computerized Medical Imaging Society.

[48]  Zhimin Huo,et al.  Computer-aided diagnosis: analysis of mammographic parenchymal patterns and classification of masses on digitized mammograms , 1998, Proceedings of the 20th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Vol.20 Biomedical Engineering Towards the Year 2000 and Beyond (Cat. No.98CH36286).

[49]  Jiawei Han,et al.  Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques , 2000 .

[50]  S. Fletcher,et al.  Clinical breast examination. , 1986, Hospital practice.

[51]  Paul M. Meaney,et al.  Enhancing breast tumor detection with near-field imaging , 2002 .

[52]  Jocelyn A. Rapelyea,et al.  Evaluation of a high-resolution, breast-specific, small-field-of-view gamma camera for the detection of breast cancer , 2003 .

[53]  R Terinde,et al.  Three‐dimensional ultrasound‐validated large‐core needle biopsy: is it a reliable method for the histological assessment of breast lesions? , 2004, Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

[54]  Robert M. Nishikawa,et al.  Po-topic III-06: The potential of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) to reduce variability in radiologists’ interpretation of mammograms , 2003 .

[55]  L L Fajardo,et al.  Stereotactic core-needle breast biopsy: a multi-institutional prospective trial. , 2001, Radiology.

[56]  R. Ghys [Infrared thermography]. , 1970, Les cahiers du nursing.

[57]  Joseph Y. Lo,et al.  Application of artificial neural networks for diagnosis of breast cancer , 1999, Proceedings of the 1999 Congress on Evolutionary Computation-CEC99 (Cat. No. 99TH8406).

[58]  R Rajentheran,et al.  Palpable breast cancer which is mammographically invisible. , 2001, Breast.

[59]  E J Feleppa,et al.  In vitro diagnosis of axillary lymph node metastases in breast cancer by spectrum analysis of radio frequency echo signals. , 1998, Ultrasound in medicine & biology.

[60]  Hussein A. Abbass,et al.  An evolutionary artificial neural networks approach for breast cancer diagnosis , 2002, Artif. Intell. Medicine.

[61]  William W. Moses Positron emission mammography imaging , 2003 .

[62]  Mohan Doss,et al.  Positron Emission Mammography: Initial Clinical Results , 2003, Annals of Surgical Oncology.

[63]  Kang Tai,et al.  EARLY DETECTION AND VISUALIZATION OF BREAST TUMOR WITH THERMOGRAM AND NEURAL NETWORK , 2002 .

[64]  M. Nguyen,et al.  Breast-cancer diagnosis with nipple fluid bFGF , 2000, The Lancet.

[65]  Dursun Delen,et al.  Predicting breast cancer survivability: a comparison of three data mining methods , 2005, Artif. Intell. Medicine.

[66]  J. Casillas Interpretability issues in fuzzy modeling , 2003 .

[67]  Jill L. King,et al.  Computer-assisted diagnosis of breast cancer using a data-driven Bayesian belief network , 1999, Int. J. Medical Informatics.

[68]  U. G. Dailey Cancer,Facts and Figures about. , 2022, Journal of the National Medical Association.

[69]  K.R. Foster Thermographic detection of breast cancer , 1998, IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine.

[70]  B Angus,et al.  The detection of nodal metastasis in breast cancer using neural network techniques , 1996, Physiological measurement.

[71]  Giovanni Parmigiani,et al.  BRCAPRO validation, sensitivity of genetic testing of BRCA1/BRCA2, and prevalence of other breast cancer susceptibility genes. , 2002, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[72]  Nicholas Ayache,et al.  Medical Image Analysis: Progress over Two Decades and the Challenges Ahead , 2000, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[73]  N. Diakides,et al.  Thermal infrared imaging in early breast cancer detection-a survey of recent research , 2003, Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37439).

[74]  Christopher J. Thompson,et al.  Positron emission mammography (PEM): a promising technique for detecting breast cancer , 1995 .

[75]  N. A. Diakides,et al.  Comparison of breast infrared imaging results by three independent investigators , 2003, Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37439).

[76]  Yudong D. He,et al.  Gene expression profiling predicts clinical outcome of breast cancer , 2002, Nature.

[77]  E. Ng,et al.  Computerized detection of breast cancer with artificial intelligence and thermograms , 2002, Journal of medical engineering & technology.

[78]  A. Vlahou,et al.  A novel approach toward development of a rapid blood test for breast cancer. , 2003, Clinical breast cancer.

[79]  Monique Frize,et al.  Processing of thermal images to detect breast cancer: comparison with previous work , 2002, Proceedings of the Second Joint 24th Annual Conference and the Annual Fall Meeting of the Biomedical Engineering Society] [Engineering in Medicine and Biology.

[80]  L L Fajardo,et al.  Mammography-guided stereotactic fine-needle aspiration cytology of nonpalpable breast lesions: prospective comparison with surgical biopsy results. , 1990, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[81]  Robert E. Lenkinski,et al.  The evaluation of human breast lesions with magnetic resonance imaging and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy , 2001, Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.

[82]  Heli Reinikainen Complementary imaging of solid breast lesions : contribution of ultrasonography, fine-needle aspiration biopsy, and high-field and low-field MR imaging , 2003 .

[83]  Bryan F. Jones,et al.  A reappraisal of the use of infrared thermal image analysis in medicine , 1998, IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging.

[84]  Osama M. Koriech Breast Cancer and Early Detection , 1996, Journal of family & community medicine.

[85]  David B. Fogel,et al.  Evolving artificial neural networks for screening features from mammograms , 1998, Artif. Intell. Medicine.

[86]  Walker H. Land,et al.  Breast cancer screening using evolved neural networks , 1998, SMC'98 Conference Proceedings. 1998 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (Cat. No.98CH36218).

[87]  Sabine Glesner,et al.  Editorial , 1864, Informatik - Forschung und Entwicklung.

[88]  Hiok Chai Quek,et al.  A novel approach to the derivation of fuzzy membership functions using the Falcon-MART architecture , 2001, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[89]  Kuhu Pal,et al.  Breast cancer detection using rank nearest neighbor classification rules , 2003, Pattern Recognit..

[90]  Yuehjen E. Shao,et al.  Mining the breast cancer pattern using artificial neural networks and multivariate adaptive regression splines , 2004, Expert Syst. Appl..

[91]  A. Del Guerraa,et al.  A dedicated system for breast cancer study with combined SPECT – CT modalities , 2003 .

[92]  Lucas C. Parra,et al.  A multi-scale probabilistic network model for detection, synthesis and compression in mammographic image analysis , 2003, Medical Image Anal..

[93]  Stefanos D. Kollias,et al.  An image analysis system for automated detection of breast cancer nuclei , 1997, Proceedings of International Conference on Image Processing.

[94]  Les Irwig,et al.  Sydney Breast Imaging Accuracy Study: Comparative sensitivity and specificity of mammography and sonography in young women with symptoms. , 2003, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[95]  Eddie Yin-Kwee Ng,et al.  A Framework for Early Discovery of Breast Tumor Using Thermography with Artificial Neural Network , 2003, The breast journal.

[96]  Jeffrey W. Hoffmeister,et al.  Using neural networks to select wavelet features for breast cancer diagnosis , 1996 .

[97]  C J Thompson,et al.  Results of preliminary clinical trials of the positron emission mammography system PEM-I: a dedicated breast imaging system producing glucose metabolic images using FDG. , 2000, Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine.

[98]  A Korjenevsky,et al.  A 3D electrical impedance tomography (EIT) system for breast cancer detection. , 2001, Physiological measurement.

[99]  E. Yu,et al.  Functional infrared imaging of the breast , 2000, IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine.

[100]  Constantinos S. Pattichis,et al.  Computer-aided detection of breast cancer nuclei , 1997, IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine.

[101]  D. Yeung,et al.  Human breast lesions: characterization with contrast-enhanced in vivo proton MR spectroscopy--initial results. , 2001, Radiology.

[102]  Antoni Nowakowski,et al.  Analysis of transient thermal processes for improved visualization of breast cancer using IR imaging , 2003, Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37439).

[103]  S G Orel MR imaging of the breast. , 2000, Radiologic clinics of North America.

[104]  Heng-Da Cheng,et al.  A neural network for breast cancer detection using fuzzy entropy approach , 1995, Proceedings., International Conference on Image Processing.

[105]  Xu Li,et al.  Microwave imaging via space-time beamforming for early detection of breast cancer , 2002, 2002 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing.

[106]  Werner A. Kaiser,et al.  Electrical impedance scanning as a new imaging modality in breast cancer detection—a short review of clinical value on breast application, limitations and perspectives , 2003 .

[107]  Attila Frigyesi,et al.  An automated method for the detection of pulmonary embolism in V/Q-scans , 2003, Medical Image Anal..