Quantifying the Benefits of Nonmotorized Transportation For Achieving Mobility Management Objectives

This paper investigates the ability of nonmotorized travel (walking, cycling, and their variants) to help achieve transportation planning objectives such as congestion reduction, road and parking facility cost savings, consumer cost savings, and various environmental and social benefits. It discusses methods for evaluating the benefits of improved walking and cycling conditions, increased nonmotorized travel, and shifts from motorized to nonmotorized modes. It finds that nonmotorized transportation tends to leverage proportionately larger reductions in vehicle travel. It describes various strategies for encouraging walking and cycling. This analysis indicates that nonmotorized travel provides significant benefits, and that these benefits can increase with cost effective incentives. Conventional transportation evaluation practices tend to overlook many of these benefits, and so undervalue nonmotorized transportation improvements and incentives.

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