SAHA, histone deacetylase inhibitor causes reduction of aflatoxin production and conidiation in the Aspergillus flavus

Transcriptional regulation in eukaryotes occurs within a chromatin setting and is strongly influenced by posttranslational modification of histones.The regulation of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases(HDACs) is one of important post translational modification (PTMs).Aspergillus flavus is the main source of aflatoxin,the most important mycotoxins in the world and food supplies.HDACs can play an important role in secondary metabolites production and normal vegetative growth.The focus of our work was on underastanding the possible effect of HDAC inhibitors ,SAHA, on growth, aflatoxin synthesis, conidiation and morphology in A.flavus.The result indicate that SAHA inhibits the ability to produce aflatoxin B1 and also causes a “fluffy” phenotype.This change was dose-dependent and not hereditary.Three HDACs genes were founded in this fungi ,HosA,HosB and Rpd1 that have conserved domains like other fungi .This results suggest that HDACs have important roles in A. flavus and HDACi could prove to be a valid approach for selective treatment of infection cause by Aspergillus species and other fungi and be a good subject for epigenetic remodeling in fungi .