Third‐order polarizabilities of long‐chain molecules

The third‐order polarizabilities of several alkanes and polyenes have been deduced from third harmonic measurements. For satured hydrocarbons, γ increases linearly with the number of atoms, whereas for polyenes, a strong exaltation is found, with a superlinear increase. This behavior, attributed to delocalized π electron cloud, is in quantitative agreement with the results of a previous theoretical analysis. Large values of χ(3)≃10−12 esu are found in molten retinol and retinal.