Time-domain Raman analytical forward solvers.

A set of time-domain analytical forward solvers for Raman signals detected from homogeneous diffusive media is presented. The time-domain solvers have been developed for two geometries: the parallelepiped and the finite cylinder. The potential presence of a background fluorescence emission, contaminating the Raman signal, has also been taken into account. All the solvers have been obtained as solutions of the time dependent diffusion equation. The validation of the solvers has been performed by means of comparisons with the results of "gold standard" Monte Carlo simulations. These forward solvers provide an accurate tool to explore the information content encoded in the time-resolved Raman measurements.

[1]  Allen E. Goodship,et al.  Photon migration of Raman signal in bone as measured with spatially offset Raman spectroscopy , 2016 .

[2]  Fabrizio Martelli,et al.  Equivalence of four Monte Carlo methods for photon migration in turbid media. , 2012, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision.

[3]  Alessandro Torricelli,et al.  There’s plenty of light at the bottom: statistics of photon penetration depth in random media , 2016, Scientific Reports.

[4]  Tomas Svensson,et al.  Parallel computing with graphics processing units for high-speed Monte Carlo simulation of photon migration. , 2008, Journal of biomedical optics.

[5]  Esa Jaatinen,et al.  Deep Raman spectroscopy for the non-invasive standoff detection of concealed chemical threat agents. , 2012, Talanta.

[6]  Pavel Matousek,et al.  Noninvasive Raman Spectroscopy of Human Tissue in vivo , 2006, Applied spectroscopy.

[7]  Peter Fredericks,et al.  Spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) for the analysis and detection of packaged pharmaceuticals and concealed drugs. , 2011, Forensic science international.

[8]  R. Chapman,et al.  Accurate measurements of the Raman scattering coefficient and the depolarization ratio in liquid water. , 2013, Applied optics.

[9]  Pavel Matousek,et al.  Photon Migration in Raman Spectroscopy , 2004, Applied spectroscopy.

[10]  Freek Ariese,et al.  Picosecond Raman spectroscopy with a fast intensified CCD camera for depth analysis of diffusely scattering media. , 2009, The Analyst.

[11]  Pavel Matousek,et al.  Subsurface probing of calcifications with spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS): future possibilities for the diagnosis of breast cancer. , 2007, The Analyst.

[12]  A Taddeucci,et al.  Photon migration through a turbid slab described by a model based on diffusion approximation. II. Comparison with Monte Carlo results. , 1997, Applied optics.

[13]  N. Everall.  Confocal Raman microscopy: common errors and artefacts. , 2010, The Analyst.

[14]  D Contini,et al.  Photon migration through a turbid slab described by a model based on diffusion approximation. I. Theory. , 1997, Applied optics.

[15]  William F. Finney,et al.  Subsurface Probing in Diffusely Scattering Media Using Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy , 2005, Applied spectroscopy.

[16]  Davide Contini,et al.  Towards next-generation time-domain diffuse optics for extreme depth penetration and sensitivity. , 2015, Biomedical optics express.

[17]  A. Villringer,et al.  Determining changes in NIR absorption using a layered model of the human head , 2001, Physics in medicine and biology.

[18]  C. Froud,et al.  Advances in the Raman Depth Profiling of Polymer Laminates , 2003, Applied spectroscopy.

[19]  P. Matousek,et al.  Bulk Raman Analysis of Pharmaceutical Tablets , 2006, Applied spectroscopy.

[20]  J Wu,et al.  Three-dimensional imaging of objects embedded in turbid media with fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy. , 1995, Applied optics.

[21]  Subhadra Srinivasan,et al.  Noninvasive Raman tomographic imaging of canine bone tissue. , 2008, Journal of biomedical optics.

[22]  S. Arridge,et al.  Fast silicon photomultiplier improves signal harvesting and reduces complexity in time-domain diffuse optics. , 2015, Optics express.

[23]  R. Desiderio.  Application of the Raman scattering coefficient of water to calculations in marine optics. , 2000, Applied optics.

[24]  Brian W. Pogue,et al.  Multichannel diffuse optical Raman tomography for bone characterization in vivo: a phantom study , 2012, Biomedical optics express.

[25]  E. Jaatinen,et al.  Non-invasive depth profiling by space and time-resolved Raman spectroscopy , 2013 .

[26]  J. Johansson,et al.  Characterization of different laser irradiation methods for quantitative Raman tablet assessment. , 2005, Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis.

[27]  Yibin Ying,et al.  Applications of Raman Spectroscopy in Agricultural Products and Food Analysis: A Review , 2011 .

[28]  Pavel Matousek,et al.  Efficient Rejection of Fluorescence from Raman Spectra Using Picosecond Kerr Gating , 1999 .

[29]  P. Matousek,et al.  Depth Profiling in Diffusely Scattering Media Using Raman Spectroscopy and Picosecond Kerr Gating , 2005, Applied spectroscopy.

[30]  Brian W Pogue,et al.  Next-generation Raman tomography instrument for non-invasive in vivo bone imaging. , 2015, Biomedical optics express.

[31]  Chiara Colombo,et al.  Subsurface analysis of painted sculptures and plasters using micrometre‐scale spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (micro‐SORS) , 2015 .

[32]  Pavel Matousek,et al.  Picosecond Time-Resolved Raman Spectroscopy of Solids: Capabilities and Limitations for Fluorescence Rejection and the Influence of Diffuse Reflectance , 2001 .

[33]  P. Matousek,et al.  Recent advances in the development of Raman spectroscopy for deep non‐invasive medical diagnosis , 2013, Journal of biophotonics.