Hybrids and Couplers

Hybrids and couplers are common components used in most microwave integrated circuits. This article deals with the fundamental theory of these devices together with their applications. In addition, design aspects of hybrids and couplers together with characteristics such as losses and improvement in directivity are discussed. Keywords: couplers; hybrids; coupled lines; branchlines; hybrid Ts; TEM line couplers; distributed-type couplers; power dividers and combiners; Wilkinson couplers