Removal of nutrients from piggery wastewater using struvite precipitation and pyrogenation technology.

In this paper, removal of nutrients from piggery wastewater by struvite crystallization was conducted using a combined technology of low-cost magnesium source in struvite precipitation and recycling of the struvite pyrolysate in the process. In the present research, it was found that high concentrations of K(+) and Ca(2+) present in the solution significantly affected the removal of nutrients. When the struvite crystallization formed at the condition of dosing the magnesite pyrolysate at a Mg:N:P molar ratio of 2.5:1:1, and having a reaction time of 6 h, a majority of nutrients in piggery wastewater can be removed. Surface characterization analysis demonstrated that the main components of the pyrolysate of the obtained struvite were amorphous magnesium sodium phosphate (MgNaPO(4)) and MgO. When the struvite pyrolysate was recycled in the process at the pH range of 8.0-8.5, the precipitation effect was optimum. When the struvite pyrolysate was recycled repeatedly at pH 8.5 or without any adjustment of pH, the outcome of the removal of the nutrients in both cases was similar. With the increase in the number of recycle times, the performance of struvite precipitation progressively decreased. An economic evaluation showed that the combination of using low-cost material and recycling of struvite was feasible. Recycling struvite for three process cycles could save the chemical costs by 81% compared to the use of pure chemicals.

[1]  F. Mijangos,et al.  Synthesis of struvite by ion exchange isothermal supersaturation technique , 2004 .

[2]  Nathan O Nelson,et al.  Struvite precipitation in anaerobic swine lagoon liquid: effect of pH and Mg:P ratio and determination of rate constant. , 2003, Bioresource technology.

[3]  J. C. Liu,et al.  Recovery of phosphate and ammonium as struvite from semiconductor wastewater , 2009 .

[4]  P Pearce,et al.  Potential phosphorus recovery by struvite formation. , 2002, Water research.

[5]  Rafael Borja,et al.  Kinetics of phosphorus removal and struvite formation by the utilization of by-product of magnesium oxide production , 2005 .

[6]  Eva Nilsson,et al.  Recovery of N and P from human urine by freezing, struvite precipitation and adsorption to zeolite and active carbon. , 2007, Bioresource technology.

[7]  M C M van Loosdrecht,et al.  Phosphate and potassium recovery from source separated urine through struvite precipitation. , 2007, Water research.

[8]  R. D. Schuiling,et al.  Recovery of struvite from calf manure , 1999 .

[9]  P. Cooper,et al.  Process options for phosphorus and nitrogen removal from wastewater , 1994 .

[10]  Mustafa Türker,et al.  Removal of ammonia as struvite from anaerobic digester effluents and recycling of magnesium and phosphate. , 2007, Bioresource technology.

[11]  Tianhu Chen,et al.  Treatment of coking wastewater by using manganese and magnesium ores. , 2009, Journal of hazardous materials.

[12]  Daekeun Kim,et al.  Effect of mixing on spontaneous struvite precipitation from semiconductor wastewater. , 2009, Bioresource technology.

[13]  J. M. Chimenos,et al.  Removal of ammonium and phosphates from wastewater resulting from the process of cochineal extraction using MgO-containing by-product. , 2003, Water research.

[14]  B. Yan,et al.  Recycle use of magnesium ammonium phosphate to remove ammonium nitrogen from rare-earth wastewater. , 2009, Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research.

[15]  Liping Yang,et al.  Removal of ammonium as struvite using magnesite as a source of magnesium ions , 2010 .

[16]  M. F. Colmenarejo,et al.  Removal of phosphorus through struvite precipitation using a by-product of magnesium oxide production (BMP): Effect of the mode of BMP preparation , 2008 .

[17]  Yonghui Song,et al.  Nutrients removal and recovery by crystallization of magnesium ammonium phosphate from synthetic swine wastewater. , 2007, Chemosphere.

[18]  Kazuyoshi Suzuki,et al.  Removal of phosphate, magnesium and calcium from swine wastewater through crystallization enhanced by aeration. , 2002, Water research.

[19]  J. Jeffery,et al.  The crystal structure of struvite, MgNH4PO4.6H2O , 1970 .

[20]  W. Du,et al.  Repeated use of MAP decomposition residues for the removal of high ammonium concentration from landfill leachate. , 2007, Chemosphere.

[21]  C. W. Lee,et al.  Removal of nitrogen and phosphate from wastewater by addition of bittern. , 2003, Chemosphere.

[22]  M. Mathew,et al.  Crystal structure of a struvite analogue, MgKPO4.6H2O , 1979 .

[23]  J. Mata-Álvarez,et al.  Nitrification, denitrification and biological phosphorus removal in piggery wastewater using a sequencing batch reactor. , 2003, Bioresource technology.

[24]  V. Koleva,et al.  Infrared and Raman spectra of magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate (struvite) and its isomorphous analogues. I. Spectra of protiated and partially deuterated magnesium potassium phosphate hexahydrate , 2004 .

[25]  H. S. Kim,et al.  Enhancing nitrogen removal of piggery wastewater by membrane bioreactor combined with nitrification reactor , 2008 .

[26]  R. Korenstein,et al.  Crystal chemistry of struvite analogs of the type MgMPO4.6H2O (M+ = potassium(1+), rubidium(1+), cesium (1+), thallium(1+), ammonium(1+) , 1975 .

[27]  R. Ramadori,et al.  Nitrogen recovery from a stabilized municipal landfill leachate. , 2010, Bioresource technology.

[28]  Hongqiang Ren,et al.  Ammonium nitrogen removal from coking wastewater by chemical precipitation recycle technology. , 2009, Water research.

[29]  İ. Tosun,et al.  Use of magnesit as a magnesium source for ammonium removal from leachate. , 2008, Journal of hazardous materials.

[30]  D. R. Raman,et al.  Using a chemical equilibrium model to predict amendments required to precipitate phosphorus as struvite in liquid swine manure. , 2007, Water research.

[31]  Izzet Ozturk,et al.  Advanced physico-chemical treatment experiences on young municipal landfill leachates. , 2003, Waste management.