Modelling the Overall Process of Generalisation

Users have come to expect instant access to up-to-date geographical information, with global coverage - presented at widely varying levels of detail, as digital and paper products; customisable data that can readily combined with other geographic information. These requirements present an immense challenge to those supporting the delivery of such services (National Mapping Agencies (NMA), Government Departments, and private business. "Generalisation of Geographic Information: Cartographic Modelling and Applications" provides detailed review of state of the art technologies associated with these challenges, including the most recent developments in cartometric analysis techniques able to support high levels of automation among multi scale derivation techniques. The book illustrates the application of these ideas within existing and emerging technologies.In addition to providing a comprehensive theoretical underpinning, the book demonstrates how theoretical developments have translated into commercial systems deployed within NMAs. The book explores relevance of open systems in support of collaborative research and open source web based map services. It features state of the art review on multi scale representation techniques. It provides detailed consideration of database requirements and object modeling in support of emerging applications (3D, mobile) and innovative delivery (map generalisation services). It provides illustration through existing map production environment implementations. It contains consolidated bibliography (680 entries), 200 illustrations, author and subject index.

[1]  Robert Weibel,et al.  Automated Polygon Generalization in a Multi Agent System , 2003 .

[2]  J. Andrew Ware,et al.  A Genetic Algorithm approach to cartographic map generalisation , 2003, Comput. Ind..

[3]  Robert Weibel,et al.  Generalization Services on the Web—Classification and an Initial Prototype Implementation , 2005 .

[4]  A. Ruas.  Modèle de généralisation de données géographiques à base de contraintes et d'autonomie , 1999 .

[5]  Herbert Freeman,et al.  AN EXPERT SYSTEM FOR DENSE-MAP NAME PLACEMENT , 2008 .

[6]  Piotr Jankowski,et al.  Design Considerations for MaPKBS-Map Projection Knowledge-Based System , 1989 .

[7]  Robert Weibel,et al.  Overcoming the Knowledge Acquisition Bottleneck in Map Generalization: The Role of Interactive Systems and Computational Intelligence , 1995, COSIT.

[8]  Bradford George Nickerson,et al.  Automated cartographic generalization for linear map features , 1987 .

[9]  Monika Sester,et al.  Web Generalisation Service in GiMoDig – towards a standardised service for real-time generalisation , 2005 .

[10]  Tapani Sarjakoski,et al.  Simultaneous Graphic Generalization of Vector Data Sets , 2002, GeoInformatica.

[11]  Peter Norvig,et al.  Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach , 1995 .

[12]  P. Højholt.  Solving Space Conflicts in Map Generalization: Using a Finite Element Method , 2000 .

[13]  Lars Harrie,et al.  The Constraint Method for Solving Spatial Conflicts in Cartographic Generalization , 1999 .

[14]  Christopher B. Jones,et al.  Conflict Reduction in Map Generalization Using Iterative Improvement , 1998, GeoInformatica.

[15]  Robert Weibel,et al.  Integrating multi agent, object oriented and algorithmic techniques for improved automoated map generalisation , 2001 .

[16]  Cécile Duchêne,et al.  Généralisation cartographique par agents communicants : le modèle cartacom : application aux données topographiques en zone rurale , 2004 .

[17]  L. Harrie.  Weight-Setting and Quality Assessment in Simultaneous Graphic Generalization , 2003 .

[18]  Robert Weibel,et al.  Building displacement over a ductile truss , 2005, Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci..

[19]  Frederick Hayes-Roth,et al.  Building expert systems , 1983, Advanced book program.

[20]  R. McMaster,et al.  Map Generalization: Making Rules for Knowledge Representation , 1991 .

[21]  Lars Harrie,et al.  Integrating Graphic Generalisation Methods in a System for Real-Time Maps , 2005 .

[22]  Dan Lee.  Practical Solutions for Specific Generalization Tasks , 1999 .

[23]  Robert Weibel,et al.  A review and conceptual framework of automated map generalization , 1988, Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci..

[24]  William Mackaness,et al.  A Constraint Based Approach to Human Computer Interaction in Automated Cartography , 1995 .

[25]  William Mackaness,et al.  Towards a cartographic expert system. , 1986 .

[26]  I. D. Wilson,et al.  A knowledge based genetic algorithm approach to automating cartographic generalisation , 2003, Knowl. Based Syst..

[27]  Steven Zoraster,et al.  Practical Results Using Simulated Annealing for Point Feature Label Placement , 1997 .

[28]  Robert Weibel,et al.  Using an Energy Minimization Technique for Polygon Generalization , 2003 .

[29]  William Mackaness,et al.  Are Cartographic Expert Systems Possible , 1987 .

[30]  John Krygier.  Geographic Information Systems: The Microcomputer And Modern Cartography , 1991 .

[31]  Helmut Moritz.  Theory of Errors and Generalized Matrix Inverses , 1974 .

[32]  Christopher B. Jones,et al.  Automated map generalization with multiple operators: a simulated annealing approach , 2003, Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci..

[33]  Steven Zoraster,et al.  INTEGER PROGRAMMING APPLIED TO THE MAP LABEL PLACEMENT PROBLEM , 1986 .

[34]  Barbara P. Buttenfield,et al.  Expert Systems in Cartographic Design , 1991 .

[35]  Kenneth Steiglitz,et al.  Combinatorial Optimization: Algorithms and Complexity , 1981 .

[36]  Graham A. Gill,et al.  An intelligent system for colour selection on CRT displays , 1988 .

[37]  Monika Sester.  GENERALIZATION BASED ON LEAST SQUARES ADJUSTMENT , 2000 .