Driver's Modeling with System Identification Algorithm to Aim Reducing Drowsiness

The purpose of this study is to develop a biological model between skin temperature change and cooling stimulation to prevent drivers from becoming drowsiness. The traffic accident by an operation mistake or aimless operation has occurred. A factor of these accidents has a driver’s nap. In recent years, many researchers have studied eagerly this theme. The purpose of their studies is to detect a driver’s drowsiness. On the other hand, the aim of our study is to contribute to development of technology for safe drive assistance to maintain a driver’s arousal levels. This technology may give a technical innovation in the relevant area. In general, a change in blood volume in nasal part depends on the vasoconstrictive effect of the sympathetic nervous system along with changes in physiological and psychological conditions. The nasal skin temperature changes depending on the blood flow, thus, the temperature reflects the physiological state. The temperature also decreases as the blood flow in the nasal area decreases during sympathetic hyperactivity. The temperature increases as the blood flow in the nasal area increases due to sympathetic suppression. Previous studies have showed a relationship between nasal skin temperature reflecting autonomic nervous system activity and arousal level. The experiment was conducted to gather data for constructing a biological model of a driver and the relationship between cooling stimulation and nasal skin temperature was modeled with system identification. And the usefulness of models was examined with time response simulation and nyquist diagram. In summary, it is possible to construct biological model based on relationship between thermal stimulation and nasal skin temperature by using ARX, ARMAX and BJ of low order.