A Coverage-Preserving Density Control Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

In wireless sensor networks that consist of a large number of low-power, short-lived, unreliable sensors, one of the important design challenges is to reduce energy consumption and prolong network lifetime. In this paper, we propose a decentralized and localized density control algorithm that prolongs network lifetime by keeping a minimal number of sensors in active mode while not scarifying any sensing coverage. Experimental results show that our algorithm outperforms the PEAS algorithm and the sponsor area based algorithm with respect to the number of working sensors needed (about 30% more off-duty eligible nodes), thus longer system lifetime can be obtained, while preserving completely the sensing coverage of the original network.

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