Visual long-term memory has weaker fidelity than working memory

ABSTRACT Recent research suggests that visual long-term memory (VLTM) and visual working memory (VWM) possess similar resolution for feature memory. We investigated resolution in more holistic terms, exploiting a two alternative forced choice (2AFC) procedure and injecting noise into stimuli. Participants were exposed to two real-world objects per trial in a VWM experiment. One object was tested after a short delay. The other object (from each trial) was tested in a later session. We observed better performance for VWM, and the two systems were affected by noise in distinct ways. These results have broad implications for theories of visual memory.