Altered Th1/Th2 commitment in human CD4+ T cells with ageing

The human immune system undergoes continuous remodelling with the advancement of age. Since age‐associated functional alterations in the immune system could be caused by a possible change in helper T cell regulation in elderly subjects, we comparatively studied the function of CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood obtained from both young and old healthy volunteers. Upon cell activation by phorbol myristate acetate and ionomycin, the proportion of CD4+ T cells containing interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) was found to be greater in the old subjects. Utilizing a co‐culture system, which activated CD4+ T cells via the TCR/CD3 complex and CD28, we found that CD4+ T cells from the old subjects secreted more IFN‐γ and IL‐2, but less IL‐4, than those from the young subjects. Upon cell activation by co‐culture, CD4+ T cells from the old subjects expressed more CD26, CD40L, and LFA‐1, but less CD30, than those from the young. These results together suggest that the microenvironment in which CD4+ T cells develop in older people may cause production of more cells committed to Th1 than that in younger subjects.

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