The Evolution of Price Discrimination in Transportation and its Implications for the Internet

A wide-ranging discussion of the evolution of pricing in early transportation industries, such as lighthouses, canals, and turnpikes, is presented. It shows that price discrimination was an important factor in the development of those industries, and tended to intensify with time. In order to make differential tariffs effective, service providers had the right of detailed inspection of the cargo. These historical precedents help explain the drive by large sectors of the telecommunications industry to gain greater control over what is transmitted over the Internet. The implications for the evolution of the Internet are briefly explored.

[1]  Historical account of the navigable rivers, canals, and railways, throughout Great Britain, as a reference to Nichols, Priestley & Walker's new map of inland navigation , 1968 .

[2]  M. Zimmermann Le canal des deux Mers , 1896 .

[3]  E. J. Benton,et al.  History of the Canal System of the State of New York, together with Brief Histories of the Canals of the United States and Canada. In two volumes. [Supplement to the Annual Report of the State Engineer and Surveyor, 1905.] , 1908 .

[4]  English Local Government: The Story of the King's Highway. , 1913 .

[5]  A. W. Kirkaldy,et al.  The History and Economics of Transport. , 1915 .

[6]  W. T. Jackman The Development of Transportation in Modern England. , 1916 .

[7]  THE HISTORY AND ECONOMICS OF TRANSPORT , 1928 .

[8]  Aksel E. Christensen Dutch trade to the Baltic about 1600 : studies in the Sound toll register and Dutch shipping records , 1941 .

[9]  C. Wilson,et al.  The Dutch in the Baltic@@@Dutch Trade to the Baltic about 1600. , 1946 .

[10]  Ronald H. Coase,et al.  The Marginal Cost Controversy , 1946 .

[11]  R. Prouty The Transformation of the Board of Trade 1830-1855. , 1958 .

[12]  J. H. S. Reid,et al.  The transformation of the Board of Trade, 1830-1855 : a study of administrative reorganisation in the heyday of laissez faire , 1959 .

[13]  The Early History of the Don Navigation , 1965 .

[14]  F. Clifford A history of private bill legislation , 1968 .

[15]  Le Canal des deux mers : canal royal du Languedoc, 1666-1810 , 1968 .

[16]  The National Waterway: A History of the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal, 1769–1965. By Ralph D. Gray. Urbana, University of Illinois Press, 1967. Pp. xi + 279. $8.95 , 1968 .

[17]  Frederick Samuel Thacker The Thames Highway , 1968 .

[18]  G. E. Schoenick,et al.  The Canal Age , 1970 .

[19]  W. H. Chaloner,et al.  Historical Account of the Navigable Rivers, Canals and Railways Throughout Great Britain@@@The Yorkshire Ouse , 1968 .

[20]  C. Hadfield British Canals: An Illustrated History , 1969 .

[21]  F. Mather,et al.  After the Canal Duke: A Study of the Industrial Estates Administered by the Trustees of the Third Duke of Bridgewater in the Age of Railway Building 1825-1872 , 1971 .

[22]  B. F. Duckham The inland waterways of East Yorkshire, 1700-1900 , 1972 .

[23]  A. Mączak Między Gdańskiem a Sundem : studia nad handlem bałtyckim od połowy XVI do połowy XVII w. , 1972 .

[24]  William Albert,et al.  The Turnpike Road System In England, 1663-1840 , 1973 .

[25]  Michael Robbins The Turnpike Road System in England 1663–1840 . By William Albert. 9 × 6. Pp. xii + 300 + 8 maps + 7 charts. Cambridge University Press, 1972. £5·60. , 1973, The Antiquaries Journal.

[26]  N. Koh,et al.  I. GENERAL: HISTORY , 1974 .

[27]  Ronald H. Coase,et al.  The Lighthouse in Economics , 1974, The Journal of Law and Economics.

[28]  Hugh Malet Bridgewater, the canal Duke, 1736-1803 , 1977 .

[29]  Eric Pawson,et al.  Transport and Economy: The Turnpike Roads of Eighteenth-Century Britain. , 1977 .

[30]  J. Mokyr Barges and Capitalism: Passenger Transportation in the Dutch Economy: 1632–1839. By Jan de Vries. Published in “A.A.G. Bijdragen,” Wageningen, The Netherlands, Vol. 21, 1978. Pp. 398. By subscription , 1979, Business History Review.

[31]  W. Albert Popular Opposition to Turnpike Trusts in Early Eighteenth-Century England , 1979 .

[32]  Jan de Vries,et al.  Barges and capitalism: Passenger transportation in the Dutch economy, 1632-1839 , 1981 .

[33]  C. Marvin,et al.  Review: When Old Technologies Were New, by Carolyn Marvin, Oxford University Press , 1989 .

[34]  The National Waterway: A History of the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal, 1769-1985 , 1989 .

[35]  R. Coase,et al.  The Firm, the Market, and the Law , 1990 .

[36]  H. Varian Markets for public goods , 1993 .

[37]  Jonathan Davidson Law and English Railway Capitalism: 1825-1875 , 1995 .

[38]  Peter C. Fishburn,et al.  Fixed fee versus unit pricing for information goods: competition, equilibria, and price wars , 1997, First Monday.

[39]  A. Odlyzko The Internet and Other Networks: Utilization Rates and Their Implications , 1998 .

[40]  A. Odlyzko The History of Communications and its Implications for the Internet , 2000 .

[41]  Andrew M. Odlyzko The Internet and other networks: utilization rates and their implications , 2000, Inf. Econ. Policy.

[42]  Andrew M. Odlyzko Content is Not King , 2001, First Monday.

[43]  Andrew M. Odlyzko,et al.  Internet Pricing and the History of Communications , 2001, Comput. Networks.

[44]  Andrew M. Odlyzko,et al.  The many paradoxes of broadband , 2003, First Monday.

[45]  Andrew M. Odlyzko,et al.  The Case Against Micropayments , 2003, Financial Cryptography.

[46]  Andrew Odlyzko,et al.  Internet traffic growth: sources and implications , 2003, SPIE ITCom.

[47]  Stagg Newman,et al.  Broadband Access Platforms for the Mass Market an Assessment , 2003 .

[48]  Andrew M. Odlyzko,et al.  Privacy, economics, and price discrimination on the Internet , 2003, ICEC '03.

[49]  Christopher M. Snyder,et al.  Bounding the Relative Profitability of Price Discrimination , 2004 .

[50]  Dan Bogart Turnpike Trusts, Infrastructure Investment, and the Road Transportation Revolution in Eighteenth-Century England , 2005, The Journal of Economic History.