Modeling of female human body shapes for apparel design based on cross mean sets

Abstract This paper is concerned with a method to build prototypes of human bodies that can be used for apparel design. One of the most important issues in the apparel development process is to define a sizing system to provide a good fitting for the majority of the population. Since anthropometric measures do not present the same linear growth with size in each dimension, it is very important to find a prototype that represents as accurately as possible each class in the sizing system. In this paper we propose a method based on the concept of random compact mean set to define prototypes in apparel design. From a cloud of 3D points obtained with a 3D scanner a solid that represents the human body is obtained. 2D cross sections of this solid are extracted at certain heights corresponding to key points of the body. These different cross-sections can be seen as a realization of a random compact set in the plane. A very popular definition on mean set is applied to each sample of 2D cross sections, and finally the prototype is obtained as the 3D reconstruction of these 2D mean sections. As a real example, the proposed methodology is applied to the 3D database obtained from a anthropometric survey of the Spanish female population conducted in this country in 2006.

[1]  Mao-Jiun J. Wang,et al.  Automated body feature extraction from 2D images , 2011, Expert Syst. Appl..

[2]  Rainer Trieb,et al.  iSize - Implementation of International Anthropometric Survey Results for Worldwide Sizing and Fit Optimization in the Apparel Industry , 2010 .

[3]  Yun-Ja Nam,et al.  Comparative analysis of 3D body scan measurements and manual measurements of size Korea adult females , 2010 .

[4]  Yan Luximon,et al.  Computer-Aided Design , 1966 .

[5]  Mao-Jiun J. Wang,et al.  Constructing 3D human model from front and side images , 2012, Expert Syst. Appl..

[6]  L. Hunter,et al.  Clothing Appearance and Fit: Science and Technology , 2004 .

[7]  Kathleen M. Robinette,et al.  An Alternative to Percentile Models , 1981 .

[8]  Zoran Popovic,et al.  The space of human body shapes: reconstruction and parameterization from range scans , 2003, ACM Trans. Graph..

[9]  Sebastian Thrun,et al.  SCAPE: shape completion and animation of people , 2005, SIGGRAPH 2005.

[10]  Robyn A. Owens,et al.  Averaging feature maps , 1999, Pattern Recognit..

[11]  Andreas Seidl,et al.  Ramsis - The Leading Cad Tool for Ergonomic Analysis of Vehicles , 2007, HCI.

[12]  Peter Blanchonette,et al.  Jack Human Modelling Tool: A Review , 2010 .

[13]  Nadia Magnenat-Thalmann,et al.  An automatic modeling of human bodies from sizing parameters , 2003, I3D '03.

[14]  Shih-Wen Hsiao,et al.  A study of surface reconstruction for 3D mannequins based on feature curves , 2013, Comput. Aided Des..

[15]  Mike Rees,et al.  5. Statistics for Spatial Data , 1993 .

[16]  Charlie C. L. Wang,et al.  Parameterization and parametric design of mannequins , 2005, Comput. Aided Des..

[17]  I. Molchanov.  Theory of Random Sets , 2005 .

[18]  Noel A Cressie,et al.  Statistics for Spatial Data, Revised Edition. , 1994 .

[19]  Kunwoo Lee,et al.  Parametric human body shape modeling framework for human-centered product design , 2012, Comput. Aided Des..

[20]  D. Stoyan,et al.  Fractals, random shapes and point fields : methods of geometrical statistics , 1996 .

[21]  P. Y. Mok,et al.  Block pattern generation: From parameterizing human bodies to fit feature-aligned and flattenable 3D garments , 2012, Comput. Ind..

[22]  Guillermo Ayala,et al.  Looking for representative fit models for apparel sizing , 2014, Decis. Support Syst..

[23]  Chang Shu,et al.  Posture-invariant statistical shape analysis using Laplace operator , 2012, Comput. Graph..

[24]  D. Stoyan,et al.  Stochastic Geometry and Its Applications , 1989 .

[25]  Ilya S. Molchanov,et al.  Averaging of Random Sets Based on Their Distance Functions , 2004, Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision.

[26]  B. Norris,et al.  Adultdata The handbook of adult anthropometric and strength measurements: data for design safety , 1998 .

[27]  G. Matheron.  Random Sets and Integral Geometry , 1976 .

[28]  Hans-Peter Seidel,et al.  A Statistical Model of Human Pose and Body Shape , 2009, Comput. Graph. Forum.

[29]  Hongyu Guo,et al.  Human Body Shape Prediction and Analysis Using Predictive Clustering Tree , 2011, 2011 International Conference on 3D Imaging, Modeling, Processing, Visualization and Transmission.

[30]  Christine M. Haslegrave,et al.  Bodyspace: Anthropometry, Ergonomics And The Design Of Work , 1986 .

[31]  H. A. M. Daanen,et al.  3D whole body scanners revisited , 2013, Displays.

[32]  Jon Louis Bentley,et al.  Multidimensional binary search trees used for associative searching , 1975, CACM.

[33]  Marc Rioux,et al.  Characterizing human shape variation using 3D anthropometric data , 2006, The Visual Computer.

[34]  Esther de Ves,et al.  Resuming Shapes with Applications , 2004, Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision.

[35]  Calvin R. Maurer,et al.  A Linear Time Algorithm for Computing Exact Euclidean Distance Transforms of Binary Images in Arbitrary Dimensions , 2003, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[36]  Noel A Cressie,et al.  Statistics for Spatial Data. , 1992 .

[37]  Balázs Csanád Csáji,et al.  Efficient Clothing Fitting from Data , 2004, WSCG.

[38]  Guillermo Ayala,et al.  Apparel sizing using trimmed PAM and OWA operators , 2012, Expert Syst. Appl..

[39]  Mao-Jiun J. Wang,et al.  The development of sizing systems for Taiwanese elementary-and high-school students , 2007 .

[40]  Sandra Alemany,et al.  Archetypal analysis: Contributions for estimating boundary cases in multivariate accommodation problem , 2013, Comput. Ind. Eng..

[41]  Beatriz Nacher,et al.  Anthropometric Survey of the Spanish Female Population Aimed at the Apparel Industry , 2010 .

[42]  Hanna K. Jankowski,et al.  Expectations of Random Sets and Their Boundaries Using Oriented Distance Functions , 2009, Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision.

[43]  Marie-Eve Faust,et al.  A Proposal for a New Size Label to Assist Consumers in Finding Well-fitting Women’s Clothing, Especially Pants: An Analysis of Size USA Female Data and Women’s Ready-to-wear Pants for North American Companies , 2009 .

[44]  Tae Jin Kang,et al.  Regeneration of 3D body scan data using semi‐implicit particle‐based method , 2010 .