Real time monitoring of Pb2+-induced formation of G-quadruplex DNA with LPFG sensor

In this paper the potential of real time monitoring of AS1411 Guanine-quadruplex folding by using long period fiber grating (LPFG) biosensor was described. AS1411 ss-DNA folds into parallel bimolecular quadruplex in solution containing metal ions. While immobilized AS1411 folds, molecular crowding of sensing area will increase and cause change the refractive index (RI) around the sensor. In addition RI change is absolutely dependent on G-quadruplex factor concentration.