Uncertainty associated with model predictions of surface and crown fire rates of spread
暂无分享,去创建一个
[1] D. Weise,et al. Entrainment regimes and flame characteristics of wildland fires , 2012 .
[2] D. Quintilio. Fire spread and impact in lodgepole pine slash , 1972 .
[3] F. Albini,et al. Predicting fire behavior in palmetto-gallberry fuel complexes , 1978 .
[4] A. Sullivan,et al. Wildland surface fire spread modelling, 1990–2007. 2: Empirical and quasi-empirical models , 2007, 0706.4128.
[5] D. Engle,et al. BEHAVE-EVALUATED FOR PRESCRIBED FIRE PLANNING IN MOUNTAINOUS OAK-SHORTLEAF PINE HABITATS , 1994 .
[6] Bruce Lawson. Fire spread in lodgepole pine stands , 1972 .
[7] R. McAlpine,et al. The effect of fire front width on surface fire behaviour , 1999 .
[8] E. Saxon. Anticipating the inevitable : a patch-burn strategy for fire management at Uluru (Ayers Rock-Mt Olga) National Park , 1984 .
[9] C. E. Van Wagner,et al. Height of Crown Scorch in Forest Fires , 1973 .
[10] C. Willmott. Some Comments on the Evaluation of Model Performance , 1982 .
[11] Andrew L. Sullivan,et al. Grassfires: Fuel, Weather and Fire Behaviour , 2009 .
[12] R. Sneeuwjagt,et al. Behavior of experimental grass fires vs. predictions based on Rothermel's fire model , 1977 .
[13] Wilson,et al. EFFECTS OF FUEL REDUCTION BURNING IN A DRY SCLEROPHYLL FOREST A Summary of Principal Research Findings and their Management Implications , 2003 .
[14] A. Sullivan. A review of wildland fire spread modelling, 1990-present, 1: Physical and quasi-physical models , 2007, 0706.3074.
[15] J. S. Gould,et al. Predicting fire behaviour in dry eucalypt forest in southern Australia , 2012 .
[16] Jonathan D. Beezley,et al. Assimilation of Perimeter Data and Coupling with Fuel Moisture in a Wildland Fire-Atmosphere DDDAS , 2012, ICCS.
[17] Scott L. Stephens,et al. Measuring the Rate of Spread of Chaparral Prescribed fires in Northern California , 2008 .
[18] G. Xanthopoulos,et al. Fire behaviour of the large fires of 2007 in Greece , 2010 .
[19] J. Gould. Evaluation of McArthur's control burning guide in regrowth Eucalyptus sieberi forest , 1994 .
[20] R. S. Mcalpine,et al. Predicted vs Observed Fire Spread Rates in Ponderosa Pine Fuel Beds: A Test of American and Canadian Systems , 1989 .
[21] R. C. Rothermel,et al. Fire Behavior Experiments in Mixed Fuel Complexes , 1993 .
[22] Patricia L. Andrews,et al. Modeling wind adjustment factor and midflame wind speed for Rothermel's surface fire spread model , 2012 .
[23] Stuart Matthews,et al. Behind the flaming zone: Predicting woody fuel consumption in eucalypt forest fires in southern Australia , 2011 .
[24] Miguel G. Cruz,et al. Evaluating a model for predicting active crown fire rate of spread using wildfire observations , 2006 .
[25] T. Beer,et al. Bushfire rate‐of‐spread forecasting: Deterministic and statistical approaches to fire modelling , 1991 .
[26] P. Fernandes,et al. Fire behaviour and severity in a maritime pine stand under differing fuel conditions , 2004 .
[27] M. G. Cruz,et al. Limitations on the accuracy of model predictions of wildland fire behaviour: A state-of-the-knowledge overview , 2013 .
[28] James N. Long. Fire management: the challenge of protection and use , 1986 .
[29] L. A. Salazar,et al. Display and interpretation of fire behavior probabilities for long-term planning , 1986 .
[30] J. Hollis,et al. Behind the flaming zone: predicting woody fuel , 2011 .
[31] Jb Marsden-Smedley,et al. Fire Behaviour Modelling in Tasmanian Buttongrass Moorlands .II. Fire Behaviour , 1995 .
[32] Martin E. Alexander,et al. Perspectives on experimental fires in Canadian forestry research , 1990 .
[33] Neil Burrows. Experimental development of a fire management model for Jarrah (Eucalyptus Marginata Donn ex Sm.) forest. , 2013 .
[34] Martin E. Alexander,et al. Variation in wind and crown fire behaviour in a northern jack pine - black spruce forest 1 , 2004 .
[35] W.R. Anderson,et al. Fire behaviour modelling in semi-arid mallee-heath shrublands of southern Australia , 2013, Environ. Model. Softw..
[36] Charles W. McHugh,et al. A Method for Ensemble Wildland Fire Simulation , 2011 .
[37] Florian Pappenberger,et al. Ensemble flood forecasting: a review. , 2009 .
[38] Rob Dunn. Our evolving present. , 2007, Scientific American.
[39] W. C. Guenther,et al. Analysis of variance , 1968, The Mathematical Gazette.
[40] M. E. Alexander,et al. Interdependencies between flame length and fireline intensity in predicting crown fire initiation and crown scorch height , 2012 .
[41] N. Cheney,et al. Fire Growth in Grassland Fuels , 1995 .
[42] D. Weise,et al. A laboratory-scale comparison of rate of spread model predictions using chaparral fuel beds – preliminary results , 2011 .
[43] D. V. Sandberg,et al. A conceptual framework for ranking crown fire potential in wildland fuelbeds , 2007 .
[44] Isaac C. Grenfell,et al. Piloted ignition of live forest fuels , 2012 .
[45] Modeling Behavior of Prescribed Fires in Yosemite National Park , 1984 .
[46] Jonathan D. Beezley,et al. ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTERS IN COUPLED ATMOSPHERE-SURFACE MODELS , 2009 .
[47] N. Burrows,et al. Fire behaviour in spinifex fuels on the Gibson Desert Nature Reserve, Western Australia , 1991 .
[48] E. A. Catchpole,et al. Modelling the spread of grass fires , 1982, The Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society. Series B. Applied Mathematics.
[49] H. Anderson. Aids to Determining Fuel Models for Estimating Fire Behavior , 1982 .
[50] H. B. Clements,et al. SCALE EFFECTS ON PROPAGATION RATE OF LABORATORY CRIB FIRES , 1963 .
[51] C. E. Van Wagner,et al. Conditions for the start and spread of crown fire , 1977 .
[52] Boris Kompare,et al. Environmental Modelling & Software , 2014 .
[53] Kerry Anderson,et al. Fire-growth modelling using meteorological data with random and systematic perturbations , 2007 .
[54] D. C. Le Maitre,et al. Fire Behaviour in South African Fynbos (Macchia) Vegetation and Predictions from Rothermel's Fire Model , 1985 .
[55] Kevin G. Tolhurst,et al. The effect of fireline intensity on woody fuel consumption in southern Australian eucalypt forest fires , 2011 .
[56] R. A. Norum. Predicting wildfire behavior in black spruce forests in Alaska. , 1982 .
[57] Mark A. Finney,et al. On the need for a theory of wildland fire spread , 2013 .
[58] M. E. Alexander,et al. Limitations on the accuracy of model predictions of wildland fire behaviour : A state-ofthe-knowledge overview by , 2013 .
[59] Miguel G. Cruz,et al. Modeling the Likelihood of Crown Fire Occurrence in Conifer Forest Stands , 2004, Forest Science.
[60] N. Cheney,et al. Prediction of Fire Spread in Grasslands , 1998 .
[61] Minjeong Kim,et al. Data assimilation for wildland fires , 2007, IEEE Control Systems.
[62] Wildfire Case Study: Butte City Fire, Southeastern Idaho, July 1, 1994 , 1997 .
[63] Range Experiment Station,et al. Predicting fire spread in Arizona's oak chaparral , 1973 .
[64] Gwilym Matthew Davies,et al. Rate of spread of fires in Calluna vulgaris-dominated moorlands. , 2009 .
[65] M. Owens,et al. Examining fire behavior in mesquite–acacia shrublands , 2005 .
[66] Miguel G. Cruz,et al. Development and testing of models for predicting crown fire rate of spread in conifer forest stands , 2005 .
[67] Francisco Rego,et al. Empirical modelling of surface fire behaviour in maritime pine stands , 2009 .
[68] Yves Bergeron,et al. Role of vegetation and weather on fire behavior in the Canadian mixedwood boreal forest using two fire behavior prediction systems. , 2001 .
[69] R. Benestad. Tentative probabilistic temperature scenarios for northern Europe , 2004 .
[70] Gary A. Morris,et al. Rate of Spread of Free-Burning Fires in Woody Fuels in a Wind Tunnel , 1998 .
[71] Range Experiment Station,et al. Field test of a rate-of-fire-spread model in slash fuels / , 1972 .
[72] J. Kevin Hiers,et al. The wildland fuel cell concept: an approach to characterize fine-scale variation in fuels and fire in frequently burned longleaf pine forests , 2009 .
[73] A. J. Van Wilgen,et al. Fire behaviour prediction in savanna vegetation , 1988 .
[74] Hugh E. Mobley,et al. A guide for prescribed fire in southern forests , 1973 .
[75] M. E. Alexander,et al. A mathematical model for predicting the maximum potential spotting distance from a crown fire , 2012 .
[76] Yuejian Zhu,et al. Ensemble forecast: A new approach to uncertainty and predictability , 2005 .
[77] M. E. Alexander,et al. Crown fire behaviour in a northern jack pine-black spruce forest , 2004 .
[78] Mark Fischetti,et al. Predicting wildfires. , 2007, Scientific American.
[79] Andrew L. Sullivan,et al. Estimating error in wind speed measurements for experimental fires , 2001 .
[80] F. Albini. Estimating Wildfire Behavior and Effects , 1976 .
[81] N. Burrows,et al. Fuel Dynamics and Fire Spread in Spinifex Grasslands of the Western Desert , 2009, The Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland.
[82] D. Middleton,et al. Analysis of small-scale convective dynamics in a crown fire using infrared video camera imagery , 1999 .
[83] Jb Marsden-Smedley,et al. Fire Behaviour Modelling in Tasmanian Buttongrass Moorlands I. Fuel Characteristics , 1995 .
[84] Js Gould,et al. Existing fire behaviour models under-predict the rate of spread of summer fires in open jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) forest , 2008 .
[85] Paulo M. Fernandes,et al. Shrubland Fire Behaviour Modelling with Microplot Data , 2000 .
[86] Luis Samaniego,et al. Technical assessment and evaluation of environmental models and software: Letter to the Editor , 2011, Environ. Model. Softw..
[87] Martin E. Alexander,et al. Elliptical-fire perimeter- and area-intensity distributions , 1992 .
[88] Andrew A. G. Wilson. Width of firebreak that is necessary to stop grass fires: some field experiments , 1988 .
[89] LinnRodman,et al. Incorporating field wind data into FIRETEC simulations of the International Crown Fire Modeling Experiment (ICFME): preliminary lessons learned , 2012 .
[90] Miguel G. Cruz,et al. Are the applications of wildland fire behaviour models getting ahead of their evaluation again? , 2013, Environ. Model. Softw..
[91] H. Anderson. Fire spread and flame shape , 1968 .
[92] Paulo M. Fernandes,et al. Development of fuel models for fire behaviour prediction in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) stands , 2008 .
[93] F. A. Albini,et al. Response of Free-Burning Fires to Nonsteady Wind , 1982 .
[94] N. Cheney,et al. The Influence of Fuel, Weather and Fire Shape Variables on Fire-Spread in Grasslands , 1993 .
[95] Miguel G. Cruz,et al. Monte Carlo-based ensemble method for prediction of grassland fire spread , 2010 .
[96] P. Brose. Effects of Seasonal Prescribed Fires on Oak-dominated Shelterwood Stands , 1997 .