Measurement and evaluation of technology transfer: review of technology transfer mechanisms and indicators

The locus of industrial innovation is shifting toward industrial networks, in which parallel development processes in individual interconnected actors frequently dominate. This development presents new challenges for the measurement and evaluation of technology transfer. In this paper, various technology transfer mechanisms and indicators are classified and discussed. Technology transfer mechanisms and indicators are found to be phase, interface and component dependent. It is argued that process indicators should be further developed to complement the picture given by traditional input–output indicators of technology transfer.

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