Definitions, pathophysiology, and epidemiology of acute cholangitis and cholecystitis: Tokyo Guidelines

[1]  M. Sinanan Acute cholangitis. , 1992, Infectious disease clinics of North America.

[2]  S. Strasberg Clinical practice. Acute calculous cholecystitis. , 2008, The New England journal of medicine.

[3]  Markku Peltonen,et al.  Gallstones, gallbladder disease, and pancreatitis: Cross-Sectional and 2-year data from the Swedish obese subjects (SOS) and SOS reference studies , 2003, American Journal of Gastroenterology.

[4]  J. van Dam,et al.  Risk factors for complications after performance of ERCP. , 2002, Gastrointestinal endoscopy.

[5]  Heidi D Nelson,et al.  Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy: scientific review. , 2002, JAMA.

[6]  H. Sharp The acute abdomen during pregnancy. , 2002, Clinical obstetrics and gynecology.

[7]  K. Bani-Hani,et al.  Effect of timing of surgery, type of inflammation, and sex on outcome of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis. , 2002, Journal of laparoendoscopic & advanced surgical techniques. Part A.

[8]  A. Andrén-sandberg,et al.  Complications and Late Outcome following Percutaneous Drainage of the Gallbladder in Acute Calculous Cholecystitis , 2001, Digestive Surgery.

[9]  A. Bedirli,et al.  Factors effecting the complications in the natural history of acute cholecystitis. , 2001, Hepato-gastroenterology.

[10]  A. Elvin,et al.  Ultrasound-guided percutaneous cholecystostomy in high-risk surgical patients , 2001, Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery.

[11]  E. Mun,et al.  Current status of medical and surgical therapy for obesity. , 2001, Gastroenterology.

[12]  S. Erlinger Gallstones in obesity and weight loss. , 2000, European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology.

[13]  F. Chu,et al.  Gangrenous cholecystitis in the laparoscopic era. , 2000, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Surgery.

[14]  R. Rege,et al.  Gangrenous cholecystitis: analysis of risk factors and experience with laparoscopic cholecystectomy. , 1999, Surgery.

[15]  J. Tsai,et al.  Outcome study of cholecystectomy during pregnancy. , 1999, American journal of surgery.

[16]  J. Cello AIDS-Related biliary tract disease. , 1998, Gastrointestinal endoscopy clinics of North America.

[17]  P. Choban,et al.  Acute acalculous cholecystitis: incidence, risk factors, diagnosis, and outcome. , 1998, The American surgeon.

[18]  O. Søreide,et al.  Randomization to surgery or observation in patients with symptomatic gallbladder stone disease. The problem of evidence-based medicine in clinical practice. , 1997, Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology.

[19]  T. Higo,et al.  Surgical risks of acute cholecystitis in elderly. , 1997, Hepato-gastroenterology.

[20]  T. Zágoni,et al.  Complications of endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy. , 1997, The New England journal of medicine.

[21]  G. Persson Expectant management of patients with gallbladder stones diagnosed at planned investigation. A prospective 5- to 7-year follow-up study of 153 patients. , 1996, Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology.

[22]  M. Tanaka,et al.  Treatment of choice for choledocholithiasis in patients with acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis and liver cirrhosis. , 1995, American journal of surgery.

[23]  R. Mcloughlin,et al.  Radiologically guided percutaneous cholecystostomy for acute cholecystitis: long-term outcome in 50 patients. , 1994, Canadian Association of Radiologists journal = Journal l'Association canadienne des radiologistes.

[24]  P. Lipponen,et al.  Contributions of history-taking, physical examination, and computer assistance to diagnosis of acute small-bowel obstruction. A prospective study of 1333 patients with acute abdominal pain. , 1994, Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology.

[25]  R. Kozol,et al.  Gangrenous cholecystitis in an urban VA hospital. , 1994, The Journal of surgical research.

[26]  J. Everhart Contributions of Obesity and Weight Loss to Gallstone Disease , 1993, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[27]  T. Matsuo,et al.  [Clinical characteristics of impacted bile duct stone in the elderly]. , 1993, Nihon Ronen Igakkai zasshi. Japanese journal of geriatrics.

[28]  R. Semelka,et al.  MRI in the diagnosis of Crohn's disease in two pregnant women. , 1993, Journal of clinical gastroenterology.

[29]  G. Friedman Natural history of asymptomatic and symptomatic gallstones. , 1993, American journal of surgery.

[30]  R. Girard,et al.  Open cholecystectomy: its morbidity and mortality as a reference standard. , 1993, Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie.

[31]  J. Mouroux,et al.  Infectious complications of endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography managed in a surgical unit. , 1992, International surgery.

[32]  J. Díaz,et al.  Risk factors and classification of acute suppurative cholangitis , 1992, The British journal of surgery.

[33]  Y. Liaw,et al.  Abnormal pre-drainage serum creatinine as a prognostic indicator in acute cholangitis. , 1992, Hepato-gastroenterology.

[34]  M. Gutman,et al.  The management of acute cholecystitis in elderly patients. , 1991, The American surgeon.

[35]  C Liguory,et al.  Endoscopic sphincterotomy complications and their management: an attempt at consensus. , 1991, Gastrointestinal endoscopy.

[36]  R. Hermann,et al.  Surgery for acute and chronic cholecystitis. , 1990, The Surgical clinics of North America.

[37]  H. S. Himal,et al.  Ascending cholangitis: surgery versus endoscopic or percutaneous drainage. , 1990, Surgery.

[38]  E. Mack Role of Surgery in the Management of Gallstones , 1990, Seminars in liver disease.

[39]  Tse-jia Liu Acute Biliary Septic Shock , 1990, HPB surgery : a world journal of hepatic, pancreatic and biliary surgery.

[40]  K. Zucker,et al.  The Increasing Prevalence of Acalculous Cholecystitis in Outpatients: Results of a 7‐Year Study , 1990, Annals of surgery.

[41]  S. Fan,et al.  Severe acute cholangitis: the role of emergency nasobiliary drainage. , 1990, Surgery.

[42]  S. Fan,et al.  Emergency Surgery for Severe Acute Cholangitis: The High‐Risk Patients , 1990, Annals of surgery.

[43]  R. Goldstein,et al.  Gallstone formation during weight-reduction dieting. , 1989, Archives of internal medicine.

[44]  H. Bismuth,et al.  Acute Cholangitis: Multivariate Analysis of Risk Factors , 1989, Annals of surgery.

[45]  O. Søreide,et al.  Correlation between gallstones and abdominal symptoms in a random population. Results from a screening study. , 1989, Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology.

[46]  J. Odom,et al.  The incidence of intra-abdominal surgery in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a statistical review of 904 patients. , 1989, Surgery.

[47]  C. N. Williamson,et al.  Acalculous disease of the gall bladder. , 1988, Gut.

[48]  P. Finan,et al.  Urgent and early cholecystectomy for acute gallbladder disease , 1988, The British journal of surgery.

[49]  D. Ransohoff,et al.  Outcome of acute cholecystitis in patients with diabetes mellitus. , 1987, Annals of internal medicine.

[50]  W. L. Campbell,et al.  Post-ERCP pancreatitis: association with urographic visualization during ERCP. , 1985, Radiology.

[51]  W. van der Linden,et al.  Acute cholecystitis and thiazides. , 1984, British medical journal.

[52]  H. Shimada,et al.  Pathogenesis and clinical features of acute cholangitis accompanied by shock , 1984, The Japanese journal of surgery.

[53]  J. Escourrou,et al.  Liver and biliary Early and late complications after endoscopic sphincterotomy for biliary lithiasis with and without the gall bladder 'in situ' , 2006 .

[54]  S. Shapiro,et al.  Thiazides and acute cholecystitis. , 1980, The New England journal of medicine.

[55]  J. Cameron,et al.  Clinical management of acute cholangitis. , 1976, Surgery, gynecology & obstetrics.

[56]  C. Dotter,et al.  Complications of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). A study of 10,000 cases. , 1976, Gastroenterology.

[57]  Brewer Bj,et al.  Abdominal pain. An analysis of 1,000 consecutive cases in a University Hospital emergency room. , 1976 .

[58]  M. Oliver,et al.  CLOFIBRATE AND GALLSTONES , 1975, The Lancet.

[59]  Giles Gr,et al.  Hazards of surgical treatment due to microorganisms in the bile. , 1974 .

[60]  J. Hardy Critical Surgical Illness , 1972 .

[61]  Andrew Dj,et al.  Acute suppurative cholangitis, a medical and surgical emergency. A review of ten years experience emphasizing early recognition. , 1970 .

[62]  W. C. Awe,et al.  Cholecystostomy in acute cholecystitis. Factors influencing morbidity and mortality. , 1968, American Journal of Surgery.

[63]  K. Meyer,et al.  Personal experinces with 1,261 cases of acute and chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. , 1967, Surgery.

[64]  W. Watkins,et al.  Cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis. , 1966, Archives of surgery.

[65]  W. Kannel,et al.  The epidemiology of gallbladder disease: observations in the Framingham Study. , 1966, Journal of chronic diseases.

[66]  D. Hinshaw,et al.  ACUTE OBSTRUCTIVE CHOLANGITIS. , 1965, Archives of surgery.

[67]  B. Reynolds,et al.  Acute Obstructive Cholangitis A Distinct Clinical Syndrome , 1959, Annals of surgery.

[68]  O. Ouchterlony,et al.  Bacteriological investigation of the biliary system and liver in biliary tract disease correlated to clinical data and microstructure of the gallbladder and liver. , 1959, Acta chirurgica Scandinavica.

[69]  P. Rosenblatt,et al.  Congenital Anomalies of the Gallbladder , 1958, Annals of surgery.

[70]  G. Lemmel Die klinische Bedeutung der Duodenaldivertikel , 1934 .

[71]  Y. Mishima,et al.  Postoperative acute cholecystitis: A collective review of 494 cases in Japan , 2006, The Japanese journal of surgery.

[72]  H. Pitt,et al.  An Analysis of Infectious Failures in Acute Cholangitis , 1994, HPB surgery : a world journal of hepatic, pancreatic and biliary surgery.

[73]  R. Reiss,et al.  State of the art in the diagnosis and management of acute cholecystitis. , 1993, Digestive diseases.

[74]  B. Millat,et al.  Cholangio-pancréatographie rétrograde et sphinctérotomie endoscopique pour lithiase biliaire. Evaluation prospective en milieu chirurgical. , 1993 .

[75]  D. Gouma,et al.  Reprints available directly from the publisher Photocopying permitted by license only (C) Harwood Academic Publishers GmbH Printed in the United States of America REVIEW ARTICLE ACUTE CALCULOUS CHOLECYSTITIS What is new in diagnosis and therapy? , 1992 .

[76]  H. Pitt,et al.  Broad spectrum penicillin as an adequate therapy for acute cholangitis. , 1990, Surgery, gynecology & obstetrics.

[77]  F. T. de Dombal,et al.  Acute abdominal pain in patients over 50 years of age. , 1988, Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology. Supplement.

[78]  O. Reiertsen,et al.  Complications of fiberoptic gastrointestinal endoscopy--five years' experience in a central hospital. , 1987, Endoscopy.

[79]  H. Gutman,et al.  Age profiles of benign gallbladder disease in 2,000 patients. , 1987, International surgery.

[80]  M. Schietroma,et al.  Acute cholangitis: diagnostic and therapeutic problems. , 1986, The Italian journal of surgical sciences.

[81]  R. Jones,et al.  Surgical treatment of digestive disease , 1986 .

[82]  F. Glenn Surgical management of acute cholecystitis in patients 65 years of age and older. , 1981, Annals of surgery.

[83]  E. Alhava,et al.  Acute cholecystitis treated by early and delayed surgery. A controlled clinical trial. , 1978, Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology.

[84]  B. J. Brewer,et al.  Abdominal pain. An analysis of 1,000 consecutive cases in a University Hospital emergency room. , 1976, American journal of surgery.

[85]  G. Giles,et al.  Hazards of surgical treatment due to microorganisms in the bile. , 1974, Surgery.

[86]  W. M. Wheeler,et al.  ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS. , 1964, The Surgical clinics of North America.

[87]  D. Corcoran,et al.  Congenital anomalies of the gallbladder. , 1954, The American surgeon.

[88]  R. Gross CONGENITAL ANOMALIES OF THE GALLBLADDER: A REVIEW OF ONE. HUNDRED AND FORTY-EIGHT CASES, WITH REPORT OF A DOUBLE GALLBLADDER , 1936 .