Current perspective on bacterial pigments: emerging sustainable compounds with coloring and biological properties for the industry – an incisive evaluation

The current inclination towards exploiting bacterial pigments for various coloring functions, like food, cloth, painting, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, plastics etc. is a well-recognized aspect. Nevertheless, the current bacterial pigment productions are not effective to meet their industrial needs. Current research going on world over on bacterial pigments signify that genetic engineering for strain improvement, optimization of bioprocess modelling and utilizing cheap agro-industrial residues as substrates are key developmental strategies to maximize pigment production from bacteria. Incidentally the superior performance characteristics of the bacteria for producing differing colouring compounds and the environmental acceptability of bacterial pigments are very encouraging factors to promote higher pigment production taking advantage of the current developmental strategies. This paper evaluates the current advances in bacterial pigment production, its recovery and wide-ranging scope of its industrial applications and commercial viability.

[1]  F. Squina,et al.  PRODUCTION OF CAROTENOIDS BY RHODOTORULA RUBRA AND R. GLUTINIS IN CULTURE MEDIUM SUPPLEMENTED WITH SUGAR CANE JUICE , 2002 .

[2]  Seyed Hadi Razavi,et al.  Comparison of antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of biocolorant synthesized by Dietzia natronolimnaea HS-1 cells grown in batch, fed-batch and continuous cultures , 2013 .

[3]  R. Pérez-Tomás,et al.  Prodigiosin-induced apoptosis in human colon cancer cells. , 2001, Life sciences.

[4]  Hemant J. Purohit,et al.  Genome Sequence of the Pigment-Producing Bacterium Pseudogulbenkiania ferrooxidans, Isolated from Loktak Lake , 2013, Genome Announcements.

[5]  Zhenqiang Wu,et al.  Export of intracellular Monascus pigments by two-stage microbial fermentation in nonionic surfactant micelle aqueous solution. , 2012, Journal of biotechnology.

[6]  P. Buzzini,et al.  An optimization study of carotenoid production by Rhodotorula glutinis DBVPG 3853 from substrates containing concentrated rectified grape must as the sole carbohydrate source , 2000, Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology.

[7]  V. B. Pratheesh,et al.  Isolation, Stabilization and Characterization of Xanthophyll from Marigold Flower- Tagetes Erecta-L , 2009 .

[8]  Chih-Hung Chang,et al.  Enhancing production of prodigiosin from Serratia marcescens C3 by statistical experimental design and porous carrier addition strategy , 2013 .

[9]  Zhong-Ce Hu,et al.  Large-Scale Production of Astaxanthin by Xanthophyllomyces Dendrorhous , 2006 .

[10]  G. Salmond,et al.  Biosynthesis of the red antibiotic, prodigiosin, in Serratia: identification of a novel 2‐methyl‐3‐n‐amyl‐pyrrole (MAP) assembly pathway, definition of the terminal condensing enzyme, and implications for undecylprodigiosin biosynthesis in Streptomyces , 2005, Molecular microbiology.

[11]  A. P. De Leenheer,et al.  Microbial sources of carotenoid pigments used in foods and feeds , 1991 .

[12]  Wei Xu,et al.  MUTANT BREEDING OF Serratia marcescens STRAIN FOR ENHANCING PRODIGIOSIN PRODUCTION AND APPLICATION TO TEXTILES , 2013, Preparative biochemistry & biotechnology.

[13]  Wan Azlina Ahmad,et al.  Brown sugar as a low-cost medium for the production of prodigiosin by locally isolated Serratia marcescens UTM1 , 2014 .

[14]  P. Bhosale,et al.  β-Carotene production in sugarcane molasses by a Rhodotorula glutinis mutant , 2001, Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology.

[15]  C. Soccol,et al.  Application of Tropical Agro-industrial Residues as Substrate for Solid-state Fermentation Processes , 2008 .

[16]  Wan Azlina Ahmad,et al.  Production and Characterization of Violacein by Locally Isolated Chromobacterium violaceum Grown in Agricultural Wastes , 2012, Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology.

[17]  Ghasem D. Najafpour,et al.  Biochemical engineering and biotechnology , 2006 .

[18]  Wan Azlina Ahmad,et al.  Bacterial pigments and their applications , 2013 .

[19]  John Ferrell,et al.  National Algal Biofuels Technology Roadmap , 2010 .

[20]  Wei Zhao,et al.  A marked enhancement in production of amylase by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in flask fermentation using statistical methods , 2011 .

[21]  Raju S. Bapi,et al.  Analysis of n-Gram based Promoter Recognition Methods and Application to Whole Genome Promoter Prediction , 2009, Silico Biol..

[22]  Dongzhi Wei,et al.  Development of an adsorption procedure for the direct separation and purification of prodigiosin from culture broth , 2004, Biotechnology and applied biochemistry.

[23]  K. Kirti,et al.  Colorful World of Microbes: Carotenoids and Their Applications , 2014 .

[24]  Laurent Dufossé,et al.  Microbial Production of Food Grade Pigments , 2006 .

[25]  Cristóbal N. Aguilar,et al.  Biotechnological production of carotenoids by yeasts: an overview , 2014, Microbial Cell Factories.

[26]  Yoji Nakagawa,et al.  Silica Gel-Dependent Production of Prodigiosin and Serrawettins by Serratia marcescens in a Liquid Culture , 2001 .

[27]  Jasmina Nikodinovic-Runic,et al.  Properties and applications of undecylprodigiosin and other bacterial prodigiosins , 2014, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology.

[28]  Adriano Brandelli,et al.  Pigment Production by Filamentous Fungi on Agro-Industrial Byproducts: an Eco-Friendly Alternative , 2013, Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology.

[29]  Seyed Hadi Razavi,et al.  Enhancement of canthaxanthin production from Dietzia natronolimnaea HS-1 in a fed-batch process using trace elements and statistical methods , 2010 .

[30]  J. Smith,et al.  Biotechnology: Bioprocess/fermentation technology , 2009 .

[31]  N Durán,et al.  Antileishmanial activity of the violacein extracted from Chromobacterium violaceum. , 2001, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

[32]  Poonam Singh Nee Nigam,et al.  Biotechnology for Agro-Industrial-Residues-Utilisation , 2009 .

[33]  Charles Brennan.  Foods: Where Innovation, Agriculture, Molecular Biosciences and Human Nutrition Meet , 2012, Foods.

[34]  Finian J. Leeper,et al.  The biosynthesis and regulation of bacterial prodiginines , 2006, Nature Reviews Microbiology.

[35]  D. Libkind,et al.  Biomass and carotenoid pigment production by patagonian native yeasts , 2006 .

[36]  J. Tinoi,et al.  Utilization of mustard waste isolates for improved production of astaxanthin by Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous , 2006, Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology.

[37]  S. Lumyong,et al.  Improving Solid-State Fermentation of Monascus purpureus on Agricultural Products for Pigment Production , 2011 .

[38]  Min-Jung Song,et al.  Purification and characterization of prodigiosin produced by integrated bioreactor from Serratia sp. KH-95. , 2006, Journal of bioscience and bioengineering.

[39]  Nelson Durán,et al.  Potential applications of violacein: a microbial pigment , 2011, Medicinal Chemistry Research.

[40]  Bodi Hui,et al.  Screening and characterization of astaxanthin-hyperproducing mutants of Haematococcus pluvialis , 2003, Biotechnology Letters.

[41]  B. Manohar,et al.  Response surface methodology for optimization of growth parameters for the production of carotenoids by a mutant strain of Rhodotorula gracilis , 2001 .