V2G application to frequency regulation in a microgrid using decentralized fuzzy controller

Frequency regulation is one of the main issues in power grids. Any load-generation imbalance that occurs in a power network, causes the frequency to deviate from its nominal value. During such transient conditions it is important to use a method to decrease frequency fluctuations and recover the power quality to network normal condition as quickly as possible. There are several solutions for frequency regulation. One of them is to use energy storage system (ESS) capacity to compensate the power shortage and load disturbances. Electric vehicles (EVs) can be seen as a mobile and controllable storage unit and the battery capacity can be used as a backup for power networks. The reverse flow of energy from vehicle to grid (V2G) can participate in frequency regulation. This paper presents a distributed fuzzy logic control (FLC) design for V2G application in frequency regulation. With FLC the power flow from the EVs to the grid is adjusted based on regulation demand and state of charge (SOC) of the vehicle battery.

[1]  P. T. Krein,et al.  Review of benefits and challenges of vehicle-to-grid technology , 2012, 2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE).

[2]  Stephan Koch,et al.  Provision of Load Frequency Control by PHEVs, Controllable Loads, and a Cogeneration Unit , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[3]  A Hajizadeh,et al.  Voltage Control and Active Power Management of Hybrid Fuel-Cell/Energy-Storage Power Conversion System Under Unbalanced Voltage Sag Conditions , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[4]  Takashi Hiyama,et al.  Intelligent Automatic Generation Control , 2011 .

[5]  Taisuke Masuta,et al.  Supplementary Load Frequency Control by Use of a Number of Both Electric Vehicles and Heat Pump Water Heaters , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[6]  Satish M. Mahajan,et al.  V2G electric power capacity estimation and ancillary service market evaluation , 2011, 2011 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting.

[7]  Hamed Mohsenian Rad,et al.  Vehicle-to-Aggregator Interaction Game , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[8]  H. R. Pota,et al.  V2G technology for designing active filter system to improve wind power quality , 2011, AUPEC 2011.

[9]  Willett Kempton,et al.  ELECTRIC VEHICLES AS A NEW POWER SOURCE FOR ELECTRIC UTILITIES , 1997 .

[10]  카오루 세자키,et al.  Economic Assessment on V2G Frequency Regulation Regarding the Battery Degradation , 2012 .

[11]  Shiyun Zhang,et al.  An Empirical Study of Market Reaction of Mergers and Acquisitions of Real Estate Listed Companies in China under Complete Circulation , 2011, 2011 Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference.

[12]  Xiaojun Wang,et al.  The Application of Electric Vehicles as Mobile Distributed Energy Storage Units in Smart Grid , 2011, 2011 Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference.