A TWO-STEP CHANNEL-ENCRYPTING QUANTUM KEY DISTRIBUTION PROTOCOL

A two-step channel-encrypting quantum key distribution protocol is proposed. Using the previously shared EPR pairs as the quantum key, two bits of classical key can be established via one information carrier EPR state on average. In theory, the efficiency of this protocol reaches 100%, and there is no need to consume any entangled states including both the quantum key and the information carriers in ideal condition. The protocol can resist the particular attack that is fatal to other some channel-encrypting schemes. Principally, we prove the security against the most general individual attack of this protocol. Entanglement collapse in practical situation, as well as the realistic implementation of this protocol is also discussed.

[1]  Ekert,et al.  Quantum cryptography based on Bell's theorem. , 1991, Physical review letters.

[2]  Charles H. Bennett,et al.  Quantum cryptography without Bell's theorem. , 1992, Physical review letters.

[3]  Charles H. Bennett,et al.  Quantum cryptography using any two nonorthogonal states. , 1992, Physical review letters.

[4]  Shih,et al.  New high-intensity source of polarization-entangled photon pairs. , 1995, Physical review letters.

[5]  Goldenberg,et al.  Quantum cryptography based on orthogonal states. , 1995, Physical review letters.

[6]  Vaidman,et al.  Goldenberg and Vaidman Reply. , 1996, Physical review letters.

[7]  Charles H. Bennett,et al.  Purification of noisy entanglement and faithful teleportation via noisy channels. , 1995, Physical review letters.

[8]  Masato Koashi,et al.  Quantum Cryptography Based on Split Transmission of One-Bit Information in Two Steps , 1997 .

[9]  David Deutsch,et al.  Erratum: Quantum Privacy Amplification and the Security of Quantum Cryptography over Noisy Channels [Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 2818 (1996)] , 1998 .

[10]  Berthold-Georg Englert,et al.  Two-Photon Scheme for Detecting the Bell Basis Using Atomic Coherence , 1999 .

[11]  Adan Cabello.  Quantum key distribution without alternative measurements , 2000 .

[12]  A Cabello.  Quantum key distribution in the Holevo limit. , 2000, Physical review letters.

[13]  Adan Cabello.  Reply to `Comment on ``Quantum key distribution without alternative measurements''' , 2000 .

[14]  Jun Yu Li,et al.  Quantum key distribution scheme with orthogonal product states , 2001, quant-ph/0102060.

[15]  Guang-Can Guo,et al.  Comment on “Quantum key distribution without alternative measurements” [Phys. Rev. A 61 , 052312 (2000)] , 2001 .

[16]  Yong-Sheng Zhang,et al.  Quantum key distribution via quantum encryption , 2000, quant-ph/0011034.

[17]  Deng Fu-Guo,et al.  A Theoretical Scheme for Multi-user Quantum Key Distribution with N Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Pairs on a Passive Optical Network , 2002 .

[18]  Vahid Karimipour,et al.  Quantum key distribution for d -level systems with generalized Bell states , 2002 .

[19]  Debbie W. Leung,et al.  Quantum vernam cipher , 2000, Quantum Inf. Comput..

[20]  G. Long,et al.  Theoretically efficient high-capacity quantum-key-distribution scheme , 2000, quant-ph/0012056.

[21]  G. Long,et al.  Controlled order rearrangement encryption for quantum key distribution , 2003, quant-ph/0308172.

[22]  V. Karimipour,et al.  Quantum secret sharing based on reusable GHZ states as secure carriers , 2002, quant-ph/0204124.

[23]  Fuguo Deng,et al.  Two-step quantum direct communication protocol using the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pair block , 2003, quant-ph/0308173.

[24]  Daegene Song.  Secure key distribution by swapping quantum entanglement , 2003, quant-ph/0305168.

[25]  Qiaoyan Wen,et al.  Comment on “Quantum key distribution for d -level systems with generalized Bell states” , 2005, quant-ph/0505053.

[26]  Qiaoyan Wen,et al.  Quantum key distribution without alternative measurements and rotations , 2006 .

[27]  Qiaoyan Wen,et al.  QUANTUM KEY DISTRIBUTION BASED ON ENTANGLEMENT SWAPPING BETWEEN TWO BELL STATES , 2006 .

[28]  Long Gui-Lu,et al.  Quantum Privacy Amplification for a Sequence of Single Qubits , 2006 .

[29]  Qiaoyan Wen,et al.  On the information-splitting essence of two types of quantum key distribution protocols , 2006 .

[30]  Jun Chen,et al.  Demonstration of a quantum controlled-NOT gate in the telecommunications band. , 2008, Physical review letters.

[31]  Oded Zilberberg,et al.  Controlled-NOT gate for multiparticle qubits and topological quantum computation based on parity measurements , 2007, 0708.1062.