Worldwide, due to aging of vast asset of infrastructure, effective maintenance of
infrastructures is increasingly sought by asset managers. In an ageing infrastructure, various potential
deficiencies i.e. failure modes can cause failure and consequently economic losses. Through an effective
maintenance strategy, the catastrophic failures of structures can be prevented. In this paper, an efficient
maintenance strategy considering different failure modes and structural components, which determines
when, where and what to maintain, is developed. Within this maintenance strategy, time-dependent reli-
ability as well as structural system reliability is employed. After mathematical formulation of the proposed
maintenance strategy, in an example, application of the proposal to a bridge structure is presented.