SMM: mathematical framework of a scalable mobility model

In this paper, we present a novel mathematical framework of a mobility model that can be applied to a large number of possible horizontal environments, ranging from local area networks (LANs) to wide area networks (WANs) for the prediction and tracking of mobile users. This new mobility model, termed 'Scalable Mobility Model' (SMM), provides a realistic set of paths for both individual and aggregate subscriber movement by assigning mobile users into specific classes of mobility based on their mobility characteristics, attraction points, geographical environments and time periods. The core technique used to implement these important mobility features in SMM is the introduction of a new concept referred to as the Pole of Gravity. Our mobility model has been decomposed into three processes termed as the physical, gravity and fluid sub-models. Using this new concept, we show how SMM can effectively characterize user mobility for the City Area Model of Avon district and the City Center of Bristol, UK, having an extension of 40 km by 40 km and 8 km by 8 km respectively. We also present simulation results to illustrate the effect of accurate mobility by comparing our realistic mobility model, SMM, with the well know Random Waypoint model. Specifically, we show how the choice of a mobility model affects channel utilization and handover performance issues for the mobile environment.