Effects of oleic acid and/or exercise on diet-induced thermogenesis and obesity in rats: involvement of beige adipocyte differentiation and macrophage M1 inhibition

Background and purpose: Obesity is a public health problem and the existence of beige adipocytes has got interested as a potential therapeutic involvement for obesity and obesity-associated diseases. Adipose tissue M1 macrophage inhibition, also, has a vital role in obesity via down-regulating adipose tissue inflammation and the use of natural compounds such as oleic acid with exercise has been proposed. The present study aimed to evaluate the possible effects of oleic acid and exercise on diet-induced thermogenesis and obesity in rats. Experimental approach: Wister albino rats were categorized into six groups. Group I: normal control, group II: oleic acid group (9.8 mg/kg; orally), group III: high-fat diet (HFD), group IV: HFD plus oleic acid, group V: HFD plus exercise training, group VI: HFD plus exercise training and oleic acid. Findings/Results: Oleic acid administration and/or exercise significantly decreased body weight, TG, and cholesterol, as well as elevated HDL levels. Furthermore, oleic acid administration and/or exercise reduced serum MDA, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels, elevated the levels of GSH and irisin, increased the expression of UCP1, CD137, and CD206, and reduced CD11c expression. Conclusion and implications: Oleic acid supplementation and/or exercise could be used as therapeutic agents for treating obesity via its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, stimulation of beige adipocyte differentiation, and macrophage M1 inhibition.

[1]  Soonkyu Chung,et al.  Obesity-Induced Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Suppresses In Vivo and In Vitro Retinoic Acid Synthesis and Fatty Acid Oxidation in Adipose Tissue , 2021 .

[2]  R. Elgohary,et al.  L-carnitine alleviated acute lung injuries induced by potassium dichromate in rats: involvement of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway , 2021, Heliyon.

[3]  Magdi N. Ashour,et al.  Role of swimming on muscle PGC-1α, FNDC5 mRNA, and assessment of serum omentin, adropin, and irisin in high carbohydrate high fat (HCHF) diet induced obesity in rats , 2020, Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics.

[4]  Helda Tutunchi,et al.  The Effects of Diets Enriched in Monounsaturated Oleic Acid on the Management and Prevention of Obesity: a Systematic Review of Human Intervention Studies. , 2020, Advances in nutrition.

[5]  F. El-Baz,et al.  Dunaliella salina Attenuates Diabetic Neuropathy Induced by STZ in Rats: Involvement of Thioredoxin , 2020, BioMed research international.

[6]  S. Zainalabidin,et al.  Establishment of High-fat Diet Induced Obesity with Myocardial Infarction Rat Model , 2019 .

[7]  J. Kovář,et al.  Hypoxia Modulates Effects of Fatty Acids on NES2Y Human Pancreatic β-cells , 2019, International journal of molecular sciences.

[8]  R. Kant,et al.  An update on metabolic syndrome: Metabolic risk markers and adipokines in the development of metabolic syndrome. , 2019, Diabetes & metabolic syndrome.

[9]  Vijay Gayam,et al.  Triad of Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Hypertriglyceridemia, and Acute Pancreatitis: Severity of Acute Pancreatitis May Correlate with the Level of Hypertriglyceridemia , 2019, Cureus.

[10]  S. Thammacharoen,et al.  Evidence of growth hormone effect on plasma leptin in diet-induced obesity and diet-resistant rats , 2018, Asian Biomedicine.

[11]  J. Zhao,et al.  Transcription regulators and hormones involved in the development of brown fat and white fat browning: transcriptional and hormonal control of brown/beige fat development. , 2018, Physiological research.

[12]  Gokcen Izli Phenolic compounds change in Table Olives , 2017 .

[13]  D. Flaherty,et al.  Obesity alters B cell and macrophage populations in brown adipose tissue , 2017, Obesity.

[14]  A. Wu,et al.  Does personality affect health-related quality of life? A systematic review , 2017, PloS one.

[15]  I. Brema,et al.  The relationship between plasma Visfatin/Nampt and type 2 diabetes, obesity, insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease , 2016 .

[16]  M. Hussain,et al.  Effect of feeding a high-fat diet independently of caloric intake on reproductive function in diet-induced obese female rats , 2016, Archives of medical science : AMS.

[17]  Lingchuan Han,et al.  Serum TNF-α, GTH and MDA of high-fat diet-induced obesity and obesity resistant rats , 2016, Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society.

[18]  Ji Min Kim,et al.  The Roles of Adipokines, Proinflammatory Cytokines, and Adipose Tissue Macrophages in Obesity-Associated Insulin Resistance in Modest Obesity and Early Metabolic Dysfunction , 2016, PloS one.

[19]  P. Bozza,et al.  Omega-9 Oleic Acid Induces Fatty Acid Oxidation and Decreases Organ Dysfunction and Mortality in Experimental Sepsis , 2016, PloS one.

[20]  R. Stienstra,et al.  Adipose tissue macrophages: going off track during obesity , 2016, Diabetologia.

[21]  Huixia Yang,et al.  Transgenerational Glucose Intolerance of Tumor Necrosis Factor with Epigenetic Alteration in Rat Perirenal Adipose Tissue Induced by Intrauterine Hyperglycemia , 2016, Journal of diabetes research.

[22]  Xu-Feng Huang,et al.  Bardoxolone Methyl Prevents Fat Deposition and Inflammation in Brown Adipose Tissue and Enhances Sympathetic Activity in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet , 2015, Nutrients.

[23]  M. Ahmed,et al.  Protective Effect of Fish Oil and Virgin Olive Oil on Diethylnitrosamine Toxicity in Rats , 2015 .

[24]  L. Sidossis,et al.  Brown and beige fat in humans: thermogenic adipocytes that control energy and glucose homeostasis. , 2015, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[25]  Kijin Kim,et al.  Exercise-induced PGC-1α transcriptional factors in skeletal muscle , 2014, Integrative medicine research.

[26]  Lana X. Garmire,et al.  Co-detection and sequencing of genes and transcripts from the same single cells facilitated by a microfluidics platform , 2014, Scientific Reports.

[27]  Keiko Watanabe,et al.  Effects of oleic acid on murine macrophage dysfunction , 2013 .

[28]  M. Nahrendorf,et al.  Monocyte and Macrophage Heterogeneity in the Heart , 2013, Circulation research.

[29]  H. Nawawi,et al.  Black tea polyphenols suppress adverse effects of TNF[alpha]-induced inflammation in osteoblast cells , 2013 .

[30]  J. Moreno-Navarrete,et al.  Irisin is expressed and produced by human muscle and adipose tissue in association with obesity and insulin resistance. , 2013, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[31]  G. Smyth,et al.  Pro-Inflammatory CD11c+CD206+ Adipose Tissue Macrophages Are Associated With Insulin Resistance in Human Obesity , 2010, Diabetes.

[32]  K. Strissel,et al.  Dynamic, M2-Like Remodeling Phenotypes of CD11c+ Adipose Tissue Macrophages During High-Fat Diet–Induced Obesity in Mice , 2010, Diabetes.

[33]  Guo‐Liang Wang,et al.  Characterization of High-Fat, Diet-Induced, Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis with Fibrosis in Rats , 2009, Digestive Diseases and Sciences.

[34]  Amit Kumar,et al.  The involvement of cellular oxidative damage in the apoptotic death induced in γ-irradiated mouse thymocytes , 2008 .

[35]  J. Rocha,et al.  Influence of chronic exercise on reserpine-induced oxidative stress in rats: Behavioral and antioxidant evaluations , 2008, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.

[36]  T. Doi,et al.  Dietary palatinose and oleic acid ameliorate disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism in Zucker fatty rats. , 2007, The Journal of nutrition.

[37]  Shupei Wang,et al.  Adipocyte death defines macrophage localization and function in adipose tissue of obese mice and humans Published, JLR Papers in Press, September 8, 2005. DOI 10.1194/jlr.M500294-JLR200 , 2005, Journal of Lipid Research.

[38]  M. Pfaffl,et al.  A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT-PCR. , 2001, Nucleic acids research.

[39]  R. Simsolo,et al.  The expression of tumor necrosis factor in human adipose tissue. Regulation by obesity, weight loss, and relationship to lipoprotein lipase. , 1995, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[40]  L. Prencipe,et al.  Serum triglycerides determined colorimetrically with an enzyme that produces hydrogen peroxide. , 1982, Clinical chemistry.

[41]  K. Yagi,et al.  Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. , 1979, Analytical biochemistry.

[42]  W. Richmond Preparation and properties of a cholesterol oxidase from Nocardia sp. and its application to the enzymatic assay of total cholesterol in serum. , 1973, Clinical chemistry.

[43]  R. Morfin,et al.  Rapid method for the isolation of lipoproteins from human serum by precipitation with polyanions. , 1970, Journal of lipid research.

[44]  F. Tietze Enzymic method for quantitative determination of nanogram amounts of total and oxidized glutathione: applications to mammalian blood and other tissues. , 1969, Analytical biochemistry.

[45]  M. Ruth A PGC1–α–dependent myokine that drives brown–fat–like development of white fat and thermogenesis , 2012 .

[46]  Claude Bouchard,et al.  A transcriptional map of the impact of endurance exercise training on skeletal muscle phenotype. , 2011, Journal of applied physiology.

[47]  J. Menéndez,et al.  Mediterranean diet, olive oil and cancer , 2006, Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico.