Relation between dicrotic notch and mean pulmonary artery pressure studied by using a Swan-Ganz catheter in critically ill patients

Objective: It has been recently shown that there is a match between dicrotic notch and mean pulmonary artery (PA) pressures in spontaneously breathing patients studied by means of high-fidelity pressure catheters. The aim of the study was to analyze the relation between mean PA pressure and PA pressure at the incisura by using a Swan-Ganz catheter in critically ill, mechanically ventilated patients. Measurements and results: Fluid-filled PA pressures were obtained over four ventilatory cycles in 32 consecutive, mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit. We measured mean PA pressure and dicrotic notch pressure. We also calculated the widely used approximation of mean PA pressure (mean PAPapprox = diastolic + 1/3 pulse pressure). Cardiac output was measured in triplicate by using the thermodilution technique. Dicrotic notch was clearly identified in 30 of 32 patients. Mean PA pressure (32.1 ± 10.2 mm Hg) and PA dicrotic notch pressure (31.8 ± 10.4 mm Hg) were linearly related (r = 0.989, p < 0.001). Agreement between dicrotic notch and mean PA pressures was suggested (mean difference ± SD = − 0.3 ± 1.5 mm Hg). Similar agreement was found between mean PAPapprox and mean PA pressure (mean difference ± SD = − 0.7 ± 0.8 mm Hg; p = 0.20). Conclusion: By using a Swan-Ganz catheter we found that dicrotic notch pressure equalled mean PA pressure in the critically ill, mechanically ventilated patients studied. This indicated that right-sided ejection was completed at a PA pressure equal to mean PA pressure in these patients.