Bacterial biofilms and the encrustation of urethral catheters

[1]  B. Rosner,et al.  REDUCTION OF MORTALITY ASSOCIATED WITH NOSOCOMIAL URINARY TRACT INFECTION , 1983, The Lancet.

[2]  D. S. Hickey,et al.  Catheter encrustation by struvite. , 2008, British journal of urology.

[3]  W. Stamm,et al.  Association of Rectal and Urethral Colonization With Urinary Tract Infection in Patients With Indwelling Catheters , 1984 .

[4]  D. Hukins,et al.  Morphology of mineral deposits on encrusted urinary catheters investigated by scanning electron microscopy. , 1989, The Journal of urology.

[5]  D. Stickler,et al.  Antiseptic and antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria causing urinary tract infection. , 1980, Journal of clinical pathology.

[6]  D. Dance,et al.  A hospital outbreak caused by a chlorhexidine and antibiotic-resistant Proteus mirabilis. , 1987, The Journal of hospital infection.

[7]  E. Faragher,et al.  Assessment of the use of bladder washouts/instillations in patients with long-term indwelling catheters. , 1992, British journal of urology.

[8]  J. Chawla,et al.  A study of the skin flora of spinal cord injured patients. , 1986, The Journal of hospital infection.

[9]  B. Roe Use of bladder washouts: a study of nurses' recommendations. , 1989, Journal of advanced nursing.

[10]  H. Hedelin,et al.  The composition of catheter encrustations, including the effects of allopurinol treatment. , 1984, British journal of urology.

[11]  I. Eardley,et al.  Biofilms, bacteria and bladder catheters. A clinical study. , 1989, British journal of urology.

[12]  J. V. D. van der Meer,et al.  Restriction of long-term indwelling urethral catheterisation in the elderly. , 1986, British journal of urology.

[13]  A. Bruce,et al.  The problem of catheter encrustation. , 1974, Canadian Medical Association journal.

[14]  W. Stamm Catheter-associated urinary tract infections: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and prevention. , 1991, The American journal of medicine.

[15]  J. Nickel,et al.  Catheter-associated bacterium: An experimental study , 1985 .

[16]  J. Nickel,et al.  Influence of chondroitin sulfate, heparin sulfate, and citrate on Proteus mirabilis-induced struvite crystallization in vitro. , 1990, The Journal of urology.

[17]  H. Hisazumi,et al.  Bacterial and crystal adherence to the surfaces of indwelling urethral catheters. , 1990, The Journal of urology.

[18]  Nickel Jc Catheter-associated urinary tract infection: new perspectives on old problems. , 1991 .

[19]  J. Burke,et al.  Factors Predisposing to Bacteriuria during Indwelling Urethral Catheterization , 1974 .

[20]  D. Hukins,et al.  Acidification of urine is not a feasible method for preventing encrustation of indwelling urinary catheters. , 1993, Scandinavian journal of urology and nephrology.

[21]  B. Rosner,et al.  Antibiotic irrigation and catheter-associated urinary-tract infections. , 1978, The New England journal of medicine.

[22]  J. Nickel,et al.  Electron microscopic study of an infected Foley catheter. , 1985, Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie.

[23]  J. Tenney,et al.  The prevalence of urethral catheterization in Maryland nursing homes. , 1989, Archives of internal medicine.

[24]  C. Kunin,et al.  Formation of encrustations on indwelling urinary catheters in the elderly: a comparison of different types of catheter materials in "blockers" and "nonblockers". , 1987, The Journal of urology.

[25]  J. Chawla,et al.  The resistance of urinary tract pathogens to chlorhexidine bladder washouts. , 1987, The Journal of hospital infection.

[26]  R. C. Stanley,et al.  Nosocomial infections in U.S. hospitals, 1975-1976: estimated frequency by selected characteristics of patients. , 1981, The American journal of medicine.

[27]  C. Winters,et al.  Blockage of urethral catheters by bacterial biofilms. , 1993, The Journal of infection.

[28]  D. Beauchemin,et al.  Unique ability of the Proteus mirabilis capsule to enhance mineral growth in infectious urinary calculi , 1994, Infection and immunity.

[29]  L. Clapham,et al.  The influence of bacteria on struvite crystal habit and its importance in urinary stone formation , 1990 .

[30]  A. Mulhall,et al.  The encrustation of indwelling catheters. , 1991, British journal of urology.

[31]  J. Chawla,et al.  The role of antiseptics in the management of patients with long-term indwelling bladder catheters. , 1987, The Journal of hospital infection.

[32]  S. Eykyn,et al.  The relationship between the urethral flora and urinary infection in the catheterised male. , 1973, British journal of urology.

[33]  C. Kunin Blockage of urinary catheters: role of microorganisms and constituents of the urine on formation of encrustations. , 1989, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[34]  J. Nickel,et al.  Bacterial biofilms: influence on the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections. , 1994, The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

[35]  J. S. Rodman,et al.  A randomized double-blind study of acetohydroxamic acid in struvite nephrolithiasis. , 1984, The New England journal of medicine.

[36]  M. Moeschberger,et al.  The association between the use of urinary catheters and morbidity and mortality among elderly patients in nursing homes. , 1992, American journal of epidemiology.

[37]  S. Morris,et al.  Audit of catheter management provided by District Nurses and Continence Advisors. , 1993, British journal of urology.

[38]  H. Takeuchi,et al.  Scanning electron microscopy detects bacteria within infection stones. , 1984, The Journal of urology.

[39]  J. Warren Catheter-associated bacteriuria in long-term care facilities. , 1994, Infection control and hospital epidemiology.

[40]  L. Nashef,et al.  DOES THE ADDITION OF DISINFECTANT TO URINE DRAINAGE BAGS PREVENT INFECTION IN CATHETERISED PATIENTS? , 1983, The Lancet.

[41]  R. Crow,et al.  Bacteriuria during indwelling urethral catheterization. , 1988, The Journal of hospital infection.

[42]  H. Liedberg,et al.  Urease-induced precipitation on latex and silver coated latex in vitro. , 1991, Scandinavian journal of urology and nephrology. Supplementum.

[43]  J. Nickel,et al.  Pyrophosphate inhibition of Proteus mirabilis-induced struvite crystallization in vitro. , 1991, Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.

[44]  A. Davies,et al.  Does instillation of chlorhexidine into the bladder of catheterized geriatric patients help reduce bacteriuria? , 1987, The Journal of hospital infection.

[45]  K. Getliffe The characteristics and management of patients with recurrent blockage of long-term urinary catheters. , 1994, Journal of advanced nursing.

[46]  D. Musher,et al.  Urease. The primary cause of infection-induced urinary stones. , 1976, Investigative urology.

[47]  J. Chawla,et al.  Some observations on urinary tract infections in patients undergoing long-term bladder catheterization. , 1982, The Journal of hospital infection.

[48]  R. Haley,et al.  The nationwide nosocomial infection rate. A new need for vital statistics. , 1985, American journal of epidemiology.

[49]  C. J. Buckley,et al.  Some Observations on the Structure of Encrusting Biofilms of Proteus mirabilis on Urethral Catheters , 1995 .

[50]  S. Larsen,et al.  Management of urinary bladder function in Danish hospitals, nursing homes and home care. , 1993, The Journal of hospital infection.

[51]  C. Kunin Detection, Prevention, and Management of Urinary Tract Infections , 1979 .

[52]  B. Rosner,et al.  Mortality associated with nosocomial urinary-tract infection. , 1982, The New England journal of medicine.

[53]  J. Chmiel,et al.  Urethral meatal colonization in the pathogenesis of catheter-associated bacteriuria. , 1983, The Journal of urology.

[54]  D. Musher,et al.  Acetohydroxamic acid: clinical studies of a urease inhibitor in patients with staghorn renal calculi. , 1978, The Journal of urology.

[55]  S. Larsen,et al.  Urinary-tract infection and bacteraemia in hospitalized medical patients--a European multicentre prevalence survey on nosocomial infection. , 1982, The Journal of hospital infection.

[56]  D. Stickler,et al.  Complications of urinary tract infections associated with devices used for long-term bladder management. , 1994, The Journal of hospital infection.

[57]  H. Mobley,et al.  Urease-positive bacteriuria and obstruction of long-term urinary catheters , 1987, Journal of clinical microbiology.

[58]  J. Lawrence,et al.  Proteus mirabilis biofilm protection against struvite crystal dissolution and its implications in struvite urolithiasis. , 1991, The Journal of urology.