Effects of propagation of narrow bipolar pulses , 2 generated by compact cloud discharges , over finitely 3 conducting ground 4 5

Propagation effects on the Narrow Bipolar Pulses (NBPs) or the radiation fields generated 11 by compact cloud discharges as they propagate over finitely conducting ground are presented. The 12 results are obtained using a sample of NBPs recorded with high time resolution from close 13 thunderstorms in Sri Lanka. The results show that the peak amplitude and the temporal features 14 such as the Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM), zero crossing time and the time derivative of 15 NBPs can be significantly distorted by propagation effects. For this reason the study of peak 16 amplitudes and temporal features of NBPs and the remote sensing of current parameters of compact 17 cloud discharges should be conducted using NBPs recorded under conditions where the 18 propagation effects are minimal. 19

[1]  Upul J. Sonnadara,et al.  Characteristics of Narrow Bipolar Pulses observed from lightning in Sri Lanka , 2016 .

[2]  Vladimir A. Rakov,et al.  On phenomenology of compact intracloud lightning discharges , 2010 .

[3]  Vernon Cooray,et al.  Characteristics of narrow bipolar pulses observed in Malaysia , 2010 .

[4]  Vernon Cooray,et al.  Propagation effects on radiation field pulses generated by cloud lightning flashes , 2007 .

[5]  Abram R. Jacobson,et al.  Comparison of Narrow Bipolar Events with Ordinary Lightning as Proxies for Severe Convection , 2005 .

[6]  Abram R. Jacobson,et al.  A method for determining intracloud lightning and ionospheric heights from VLF/LF electric field records , 2004 .

[7]  David A. Smith,et al.  A distinct class of isolated intracloud lightning discharges and their associated radio emissions , 1999 .

[8]  M. Ianoz,et al.  Lightning-induced voltages on overhead lines , 1993 .

[9]  Vernon Cooray,et al.  The effects of variation of current amplitude, current risetime, and return stroke velocity along the return stroke channel on the electromagnetic fields generated by return strokes , 1990 .

[10]  Jeffrey C. Bailey,et al.  A class of unusual lightning electric field waveforms with very strong high‐frequency radiation , 1989 .

[11]  D. M. Levine,et al.  Sources of the strongest RF radiation from lightning , 1979 .

[12]  Vernon Cooray,et al.  On the various approximations to calculate lightning return stroke-generated electric and magnetic fields over finitely conducting ground , 2012 .

[13]  M. Ianoz,et al.  Transient analysis of multiconductor lines above a lossy ground , 1999 .

[14]  V. Cooray,et al.  Shapes and amplitudes of the initial peaks of lightning-induced voltage in power lines over finitely conducting earth: Theory and comparison with experiment , 1986 .