Microprogramming: A Tutorial and Survey of Recent Developments

The present status of microprogramming is developed from Wilkes's initial concept of microprogramming to the more recent bit-slice microprogrammable computer components. This tutorial defines basic concepts and gives a simple example of machine language interpretation. Describing the characteristics of microprogrammed machines provides the background for an examination of microprogrammable bit slice microprocessors, the most significant commercial development since the previous survey paper [3]. The descriptions of recent applications of microprogramming indicate the potential for microprogram use in several areas. A substantial bibliography directs the interested reader to details in many aspects of microprogramming.

[1]  Peter M. Kogge The microprogramming of pipelined processors , 1977, ISCA '77.

[2]  Larry L. Wear,et al.  Reflective emulations of the HP 2100A and Varian 72 Minicomputers , 1976, SIGM.

[3]  Rahul Chattergy Microprogrammed implementation of a scheduler , 1976, MICRO 9.

[4]  D. T. Doody,et al.  IBM System/360 engineering , 1964, AFIPS '64 (Fall, part I).

[5]  W. T. Wilner,et al.  Design of the Burroughs B1700 , 1972, AFIPS '72 (Fall, part I).

[6]  Martin L. Griss,et al.  MBALM/1700: A microprogrammed LISP machine for the Burroughs B1726 , 1977, MICRO 10.

[7]  Françoise d'Hautcourt-Carette A microprogrammed virtual memory for Eclipse , 1978 .

[8]  Gary H. Sockut,et al.  Firmware/hardware support for operating systems: principles and selected history , 1975, SIGM.

[9]  Maurice V. Wilkes The Growth of Interest in Microprogramming: A Literature Survey , 1969, CSUR.

[10]  Ashok K. Agrawala,et al.  Microprogramming: Perspective and Status , 1974, IEEE Transactions on Computers.

[11]  T. Anthony Marsland,et al.  An insight into PDP-11 emulation , 1976, MICRO 9.

[12]  Robert F. Rosin The significance of microprogramming , 1977, CARN.

[13]  Ashok K. Agrawala,et al.  Developing application oriented computer architectures on general purpose microprogrammable machines , 1976, AFIPS '76.

[14]  Maurice V. Wilkes,et al.  The best way to design an automatic calculating machine , 1981 .

[15]  Gideon Frieder The FORTRAN project - a multifaceted approach to software-firmware high level language support , 1976, MICRO 9.

[16]  Richard A. Belgard A generalized virtual memory package for B1700 interpreter writers , 1976, SIGM.

[17]  David K. Hsiao,et al.  A microprogrammed keyword transformation unit for a database computer , 1977, MICRO 10.

[18]  Willis K. King,et al.  The implementation of a user-extensible system on a dynamically microprogrammable computer , 1977, MICRO 10.

[19]  David A. Patterson Strum: Structured Microprogram Development System for Correct Firmware , 1976, IEEE Transactions on Computers.

[20]  Michael Andrews A bit slice architecture for microprogrammable machines , 1976, MICRO 9.

[21]  Richard H. Eckhouse,et al.  Operating system enhancement through firmware , 1977, MICRO 10.

[22]  Robert F. Rosin Contemporary Concepts of Microprogramming and Emulation , 1969, CSUR.

[23]  Takanobu Baba A Microprogram Generating System-MPG , 1977, IFIP Congress.

[24]  Christopher Vickery,et al.  A microprogramming design laboratory , 1976, SIGM.

[25]  Andries van Dam,et al.  A multi-microprocessor implementation of a general purpose pipelined CPU , 1977, ISCA '77.

[26]  Samir S. Husson,et al.  Microprogramming: principles and practices , 1971, SIGM.

[27]  T. C. Wesselkamper Some classical mathematical results related to the problems of the firmware/hardware interface , 1975, MICRO 8.

[28]  Asher Opler Fourth - generation software , 1981 .

[29]  Phillip M. Adams Microprogrammable microprocessor survey , 1978, SIGM.

[30]  Charles W. Flink EASY—an operating system for the QM-1 , 1977, MICRO 10.

[31]  Richard H. Eckhouse,et al.  Operating system enhancement through microprogramming , 1976, SIGM.

[32]  Marcian E. Hoff,et al.  Bipolar lsi computing elements usher in new era of digital design , 1974 .

[33]  W. Michael Denny The Burroughs B1800 microprogrammed measurement system: A hybrid hardware/software approach , 1977, MICRO 10.

[34]  David J. DeWitt Extensibility - a new approach for designing machine independent microprogramming languages , 1976, MICRO 9.

[35]  John Edward Stockenberg Optimization through migration of functions in a layered firmware-software system. , 1977 .

[36]  John D. Bagley Special Feature: Microprogrammable Virtual Machines , 1976, Computer.

[37]  T. F. Storey Design of a microprogram control for a processor in an electronic switching system , 1976, The Bell System Technical Journal.

[38]  Efrem G. Mallach Emulator Architecture , 1975, Computer.

[39]  Ashok K. Agrawala,et al.  Dynamic Problem-Oriented Redefinition of Computer Architecture via Microprogramming , 1978, IEEE Transactions on Computers.

[40]  Ashok K. Agrawala,et al.  Foundations of microprogramming : architecture, software, and applications , 1976 .

[41]  Richard H. Eckhouse,et al.  An environment for research in microprogramming and emulation , 1972, CACM.

[42]  James A. Howard,et al.  Algorithms for a self-tuning microprogrammed computer , 1977, MICRO 10.

[43]  Louis Gallenson,et al.  The PRIM system: An alternative architecture for emulator development and use , 1977, MICRO 10.

[44]  Scott Davidson A network of dynamically microprogrammable machines , 1975, MICRO.