Improved low-voltage-ride-through capability of fixed-speed wind turbines using decentralised control of STATCOM with energy storage system

The design and implementation of a new control scheme for reactive power compensation, voltage regulation and transient stability enhancement for wind turbines equipped with fixed-speed induction generators (IGs) in large interconnected power systems is presented in this study. The low-voltage-ride-through (LVRT) capability is provided by extending the range of the operation of the controlled system to include typical post-fault conditions. A systematic procedure is proposed to design decentralised multi-variable controllers for large interconnected power systems using the linear quadratic (LQ) output-feedback control design method and the controller design procedure is formulated as an optimisation problem involving rank-constrained linear matrix inequality (LMI). In this study, it is shown that a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) with energy storage system (ESS), controlled via robust control technique, is an effective device for improving the LVRT capability of fixed-speed wind turbines.

[1]  Wilsun Xu,et al.  Control design and dynamic performance analysis of a wind turbine-induction generator unit , 2000 .

[2]  Hemanshu R. Pota,et al.  Short and Long-Term Dynamic Voltage Instability , 2008 .

[3]  Jon Are Suul,et al.  STATCOM-Based Indirect Torque Control of Induction Machines During Voltage Recovery After Grid Faults , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[4]  Niels Kjølstad Poulsen,et al.  A Dynamic Stability Limit of Grid Connected Induction Generators , 2000 .

[5]  Dragoslav D. Šiljak,et al.  Control of Large-Scale Systems: Beyond Decentralized Feedback , 2004 .

[6]  Herbert Werner,et al.  Robust tuning of power system stabilizers using LMI-techniques , 2003, IEEE Trans. Control. Syst. Technol..

[7]  B. Singh,et al.  Voltage and Frequency Controller for a Three-Phase Four-Wire Autonomous Wind Energy Conversion System , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[8]  Thomas Ackermann,et al.  Wind Power in Power Systems , 2005 .

[9]  M. J. Hossain,et al.  Excitation control for large disturbances in power systems with dynamic loads , 2009, 2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting.

[10]  Liangzhong Yao,et al.  A STATCOM with supercapacitors for enhanced power system stability , 2008 .

[11]  Li Li,et al.  Decentralized robust control of uncertain Markov jump parameter systems via output feedback , 2006, 2006 American Control Conference.

[12]  Zhao Xu,et al.  Grid integration issues for large scale wind power plants (WPPs) , 2010, IEEE PES General Meeting.

[13]  Li Li,et al.  On Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for ${H}_{\infty }$ Output Feedback Control of Markov Jump Linear Systems , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control.

[14]  A.I. Zecevic,et al.  Robust decentralized exciter control with linear feedback , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[15]  Yi Guo,et al.  Nonlinear decentralized control of large-scale power systems , 2000, Autom..

[16]  Luis M. Fernández,et al.  Equivalent models of wind farms by using aggregated wind turbines and equivalent winds , 2009 .

[17]  Innocent Kamwa,et al.  Wide-area measurement based stabilizing control of large power systems-a decentralized/hierarchical approach , 2001 .

[18]  Ian R. Petersen,et al.  Robust Control Design Using H-infinity Methods , 2000 .

[19]  I. Petersen,et al.  Robust Control Design Using H-? Methods , 2012 .

[20]  Haritza Camblong,et al.  Connection requirements for wind farms : A survey on technical requierements and regulation , 2007 .

[21]  Mohsen Rahimi,et al.  Efficient control scheme of wind turbines with doubly fed induction generators for low-voltage ride-through capability enhancement , 2010 .

[22]  Hemanshu R Pota,et al.  Simultaneous STATCOM and Pitch Angle Control for Improved LVRT Capability of Fixed-Speed Wind Turbines , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy.

[23]  Thierry Van Cutsem,et al.  Voltage Stability of Electric Power Systems , 1998 .

[24]  B.H. Chowdhury,et al.  Power flow and stability models for induction generators used in wind turbines , 2004, IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2004..

[25]  Li Li,et al.  A rank constrained LMI algorithm for the robust H∞ control of an uncertain system via a stable output feedback controller , 2007, 2007 46th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control.

[26]  Hemanshu R. Pota,et al.  Decentralized robust static synchronous compensator control for wind farms to augment dynamic transfer capability , 2010 .

[27]  M.S. El-Moursi,et al.  Novel STATCOM Controller for Mitigating SSR and Damping Power System Oscillations in a Series Compensated Wind Park , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[28]  Bikash C. Pal,et al.  Robust damping controller design in power systems with superconducting magnetic energy storage devices , 2000 .

[29]  D. Siljak,et al.  Robust Decentralized Turbine/Governor Control Using Linear Matrix Inequalities , 2002, IEEE Power Engineering Review.

[30]  R. Podmore,et al.  Dynamic Aggregation of Generating Unit Models , 1978, IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems.

[31]  C.W. Taylor,et al.  Understanding and solving short-term voltage stability problems , 2002, IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting,.