High-temperature fiber sensor based on two paralleled fiber-optic Fabry–Perot interferometers with ultrahigh sensitivity

Abstract. A high-temperature fiber sensor based on two paralleled fiber-optic Fabry–Perot interferometers (FPIs) with ultrahigh sensitivity is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Unlike the structures of the traditional Vernier effect composed of the cascaded components, the proposed fiber sensor is made up of two paralleled FPIs for high-temperature sensing with advantages of simple fabrication, high sensitivity, and low noise. One FPI for sensing is obtained by fusing a short section of polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber into the lead-in single-mode fiber (SMF). The other for reference is obtained by fusing a short section of hollow core silica tube between two SMFs. The two FPIs have similar free spectral range, with the spectral envelope of the paralleled sensor shifting much more than the single-sensing FPI. Experimental results indicate that the proposed sensor possesses considerable temperature sensitivities of −45 and −92  pm  /    °  C, respectively, in the measurements of 100°C to 300°C and 300°C to 800°C.

[1]  W. Bogaerts,et al.  Experimental characterization of a silicon photonic biosensor consisting of two cascaded ring resonators based on the Vernier-effect and introduction of a curve fitting method for an improved detection limit. , 2010, Optics express.

[2]  Deming Liu,et al.  Sensitivity amplification of fiber-optic in-line Mach-Zehnder Interferometer sensors with modified Vernier-effect. , 2017, Optics express.

[3]  Mingran Quan,et al.  Ultra-high sensitivity Fabry-Perot interferometer gas refractive index fiber sensor based on photonic crystal fiber and Vernier effect. , 2015, Optics letters.

[4]  Bo Liu,et al.  Ultrasensitive strain sensor based on Vernier- effect improved parallel structured fiber-optic Fabry-Perot interferometer. , 2019, Optics express.

[5]  Peter Palffy-Muhoray,et al.  In-fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer for strain and magnetic field sensing. , 2016, Optics express.

[6]  Jing Zhang,et al.  High-temperature sensor using a Fabry-Perot interferometer based on solid-core photonic crystal fiber , 2012 .

[7]  Wenlong Yang,et al.  Sensitivity-enhanced temperature sensor by hybrid cascaded configuration of a Sagnac loop and a F-P cavity , 2017 .

[8]  Y. Rao,et al.  Novel fiber-optic sensors based on long-period fiber gratings written by high-frequency CO/sub 2/ laser pulses , 2003 .

[9]  Xinyong Dong,et al.  High-sensitivity temperature sensor based on an alcohol-filled photonic crystal fiber loop mirror. , 2011, Optics letters.

[10]  Gang-Ding Peng,et al.  Hollow Core Fiber Based Interferometer for High-Temperature (1000 °C) Measurement , 2017, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[11]  Wei Huang,et al.  Suppression of parasitic interference in a fiber-tip Fabry-Perot interferometer for high-pressure measurements. , 2018, Optics express.

[12]  André D. Gomes,et al.  Multimode Fabry–Perot Interferometer Probe Based on Vernier Effect for Enhanced Temperature Sensing , 2019, Sensors.

[13]  Yundong Zhang,et al.  Highly sensitive temperature sensor based on an isopropanol-sealed optical microfiber coupler , 2018, Applied Physics Letters.

[14]  Libo Yuan,et al.  Highly Sensitive Vector Curvature Sensor Based on Two Juxtaposed Fiber Michelson Interferometers With Vernier-Like Effect , 2019, IEEE Sensors Journal.

[15]  Deming Liu,et al.  Simplified Hollow-Core Fiber-Based Fabry–Perot Interferometer With Modified Vernier Effect for Highly Sensitive High-Temperature Measurement , 2015, IEEE Photonics Journal.

[16]  Shengli Pu,et al.  Ultrasensitive refractive index sensor based on parallel-connected dual Fabry-Perot interferometers with Vernier effect , 2019, Sensors and Actuators A: Physical.

[17]  Hwa-Yaw Tam,et al.  In-line open-cavity Fabry-Pérot interferometer formed by C-shaped fiber fortemperature-insensitive refractive index sensing. , 2014, Optics express.

[18]  H. Tam,et al.  High-pressure and high-temperature characteristics of a Fabry-Perot interferometer based on photonic crystal fiber. , 2011, Optics letters.

[19]  Yongpeng Zhao,et al.  Parallel Double-FPIs Temperature Sensor Based on Suspended-Core Microstructured Optical Fiber , 2019, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[20]  Yongfeng Wu,et al.  Fiber-Optic Hybrid-Structured Fabry–Perot Interferometer Based On Large Lateral Offset Splicing for Simultaneous Measurement of Strain and Temperature , 2017, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[21]  Yong Zhao,et al.  A highly sensitive Mach–Zehnder interferometric refractive index sensor based on core-offset single mode fiber , 2015 .

[22]  Yong Zhao,et al.  Highly-sensitive optical fiber temperature sensors based on PDMS/silica hybrid fiber structures , 2018, Sensors and Actuators A: Physical.

[23]  Mario La Notte,et al.  Ultra high sensitivity chemical photonic sensing by Mach–Zehnder interferometer enhanced Vernier-effect , 2013 .

[24]  Fan Yang,et al.  A highly sensitive optical fiber strain sensor based on cascaded multimode fiber and photonic crystal fiber , 2019, Optical Fiber Technology.

[25]  Michael A. Davis,et al.  Fiber grating sensors , 1997 .

[26]  Xiaoliang He,et al.  Single-shot aperture-scanning Fourier ptychography. , 2018, Optics express.

[27]  Tao Wei,et al.  Long-Period Grating Inscribed on Concatenated Double-Clad and Single-Clad Fiber for Simultaneous Measurement of Temperature and Refractive Index , 2012, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[28]  Joseba Zubia,et al.  Packaged Multi-Core Fiber Interferometer for High-Temperature Sensing , 2019, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[29]  Ben Xu,et al.  Multimode fiber tip Fabry-Perot cavity for highly sensitive pressure measurement , 2017, Scientific Reports.

[30]  Lan Jiang,et al.  Investigation on the Thermo-Optic Coefficient of Silica Fiber Within a Wide Temperature Range , 2018, Journal of Lightwave Technology.

[31]  Paulo Antunes,et al.  Highly sensitive fiber optic temperature and strain sensor based on an intrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer fabricated by a femtosecond laser. , 2019, Optics letters.