Using real-data simulations to compare computer adaptive testing and static short-form administrations of an upper extremity item bank

[1]  Jane C. Johnson,et al.  Comparative responsiveness of the disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand, the carpal tunnel questionnaire, and the SF-36 to clinical change after carpal tunnel release. , 2003, The Journal of hand surgery.

[2]  J. Dekker,et al.  Clinical databases in physical therapy , 2007, Physiotherapy theory and practice.

[3]  H. Swaminathan,et al.  Identification of Items that Show Nonuniform DIF , 1996 .

[4]  K N Lohr,et al.  Evaluating quality-of-life and health status instruments: development of scientific review criteria. , 1996, Clinical therapeutics.

[5]  Vern W. Urry,et al.  TAILORED TESTING: A SUCCESSFUL APPLICATION OF LATENT TRAIT THEORY* , 1977 .

[6]  P. Stratford,et al.  Computerized adaptive test for patients with knee impairments produced valid and responsive measures of function. , 2008, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[7]  R. Hayward,et al.  The Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire (MHQ): assessment of responsiveness to clinical change. , 1999, Annals of plastic surgery.

[8]  S. Reise,et al.  Computerization and Adaptive Administration of the NEO PI-R , 2000, Assessment.

[9]  Pengsheng Ni,et al.  A computer adaptive testing approach for assessing physical functioning in children and adolescents , 2005, Developmental medicine and child neurology.

[10]  Bert F. Green,et al.  Adaptive Estimation When the Unidimensionality Assumption of IRT is Violated , 1989 .

[11]  L. Michener,et al.  A review of self-report scales for the assessment of functional limitation and disability of the shoulder. , 2001, Journal of hand therapy : official journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists.

[12]  Alexander Weissman,et al.  Assessing the efficiency of item selection in computerized adaptive testing , 2002 .

[13]  R. Zwick.  The Assessment of Differential Item Functioning in Comput Adaptive Tests , 2000 .

[14]  Mark Kosinski,et al.  An evaluation of a patient-reported outcomes found computerized adaptive testing was efficient in assessing osteoarthritis impact. , 2006, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[15]  Tianyou Wang,et al.  Relative Precision of Ability Estimation in Polytomous CAT: A Comparison under the Generalized Partial Credit Model and Graded Response Model. , 2002 .

[16]  Tianyou Wang,et al.  Precision of Warm’s Weighted Likelihood Estimates for a Polytomous Model in Computerized Adaptive Testing , 2001 .

[17]  J. Macdermid,et al.  Responsiveness of the disability of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) and patient-rated wrist/hand evaluation (PRWHE) in evaluating change after hand therapy. , 2004, Journal of hand therapy : official journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists.

[18]  Barbara G. Dodd,et al.  Computerized Adaptive Testing With Polytomous Items , 1995 .

[19]  F C T van der Helm,et al.  Requirements for upper extremity motions during activities of daily living. , 2005, Clinical biomechanics.

[20]  U. Bosch,et al.  Outcome analysis following open rotator cuff repair. Early effectiveness validated using four different shoulder assessment scales , 2000, Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery.

[21]  W. Chan,et al.  Testing Dependent Correlation Coefficients via Structural Equation Modeling , 2004 .

[22]  Jin-Shei Lai,et al.  Procedures for the Analysis of Differential Item Functioning (DIF) for Small Sample Sizes , 2005, Evaluation & the health professions.

[23]  Judith A. Spray,et al.  The Effect of Model Misspecification on Classification Decisions Made Using a Computerized Test , 1999 .

[24]  David J. Weiss,et al.  A Comparison of IRT-Based Adaptive Mastery Testing and a Sequential Mastery Testing Procedure , 1983 .

[25]  RON D. HAYS,et al.  Item Response Theory and Health Outcomes Measurement in the 21st Century , 2000, Medical care.

[26]  G. Regehr,et al.  Methodological problems in the retrospective computation of responsiveness to change: the lesson of Cronbach. , 1997, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[27]  C. Ekdahl,et al.  The disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) outcome questionnaire: longitudinal construct validity and measuring self-rated health change after surgery , 2003, BMC musculoskeletal disorders.

[28]  M. McKee,et al.  Functional Outcome Following Surgical Treatment of Intra-Articular Distal Humeral Fractures Through a Posterior Approach* , 2000, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

[29]  B. G. Dodd,et al.  The Effect of Population Distribution and Method of Theta Estimation on Computerized Adaptive Testing (CAT) Using the Rating Scale Model , 1997 .

[30]  Kristopher J Preacher,et al.  Testing Complex Correlational Hypotheses With Structural Equation Models , 2006 .

[31]  S. Haley,et al.  Computer Adaptive Testing: A Strategy for Monitoring Stroke Rehabilitation Across Settings , 2004, Topics in stroke rehabilitation.

[32]  S. J. Sinclair,et al.  Computerized adaptive testing for follow-up after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation: I. Activity outcomes. , 2006, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[33]  Randall D. Penfield,et al.  Applying a Weighted Maximum Likelihood Latent Trait Estimator to the Generalized Partial Credit Model , 2005 .

[34]  A. Jette,et al.  Contemporary measurement techniques for rehabilitation outcomes assessment. , 2005, Journal of rehabilitation medicine.

[35]  Otto B. Walter,et al.  Evaluation of a computer‐adaptive test for the assessment of depression (D‐CAT) in clinical application , 2009, International journal of methods in psychiatric research.

[36]  Hua-Hua Chang,et al.  A Global Information Approach to Computerized Adaptive Testing , 1996 .

[37]  Anastasia E. Raczek,et al.  Assessing mobility in children using a computer adaptive testing version of the pediatric evaluation of disability inventory. , 2005, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[38]  Mark D. Reckase,et al.  The Difficulty of Test Items That Measure More Than One Ability , 1985 .

[39]  Thomas Läubli,et al.  Co-activity of the trapezius and upper arm muscles with finger tapping at different rates and trunk postures , 2000, European Journal of Applied Physiology.

[40]  A. Dowson,et al.  A six-item short-form survey for measuring headache impact: The HIT-6™ , 2003, Quality of Life Research.

[41]  D. Gladman,et al.  Validity assessment of the disabilities of arm, shoulder, and hand questionnaire (DASH) for patients with psoriatic arthritis. , 1999, The Journal of rheumatology.

[42]  A. Culyer,et al.  Outcome measures for adult critical care: a systematic review. , 2000, Health technology assessment.

[43]  Willem J. van der Linden,et al.  Bayesian item selection criteria for adaptive testing , 1998 .

[44]  D. Andrich.  A General Form of Rasch's Extended Logistic Model for Partial Credit Scoring , 1988 .

[45]  A. Quanbury,et al.  Normal functional range of motion of upper limb joints during performance of three feeding activities. , 1990, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[46]  Howard Wainer,et al.  CATs: Whither and whence , 2000 .

[47]  A. Jette.  Assessing disability in studies on physical activity. , 2003, American journal of preventive medicine.

[48]  Eastwood Ea.  Functional status and its uses in rehabilitation medicine. , 1999 .

[49]  K. Haywood.  Patient-reported outcome I: measuring what matters in musculoskeletal care. , 2006, Musculoskeletal care.

[50]  David J. Weiss,et al.  APPLICATION OF COMPUTERIZED ADAPTIVE TESTING TO EDUCATIONAL PROBLEMS , 1984 .

[51]  Hua-Hua Chang,et al.  A Comparison of Item Selection Techniques and Exposure Control Mechanisms in CATs Using the Generalized Partial Credit Model , 2002 .

[52]  A. Jette,et al.  A computer-adaptive disability instrument for lower extremity osteoarthritis research demonstrated promising breadth, precision, and reliability. , 2009, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[53]  Steven J. Fitzpatrick,et al.  Computerized Adaptive Testing With the Partial Credit Model: Estimation Procedures, Population Distributions, and Item Pool Characteristics , 2005 .

[54]  A. Harth,et al.  Measuring levels of upper-extremity disability in employed adults using the DASH Questionnaire. , 2005, The Journal of hand surgery.

[55]  Alan M Jette,et al.  Computer adaptive testing improved accuracy and precision of scores over random item selection in a physical functioning item bank. , 2006, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[56]  B. Koes,et al.  Incidence and prevalence of upper-extremity musculoskeletal disorders. A systematic appraisal of the literature , 2006, BMC musculoskeletal disorders.

[57]  Christine E. DeMars.  Group Differences Based on Irt Scores: does the Model Matter? , 2001 .

[58]  Hua-Hua Chang,et al.  Combining computer adaptive testing technology with cognitively diagnostic assessment , 2008, Behavior research methods.

[59]  G. Guyatt,et al.  The impact of measuring patient-reported outcomes in clinical practice: a systematic review of the literature , 2008, Quality of Life Research.

[60]  S. Haley,et al.  Sensitivity of a computer adaptive assessment for measuring functional mobility changes in children enrolled in a community fitness programme , 2006, Clinical rehabilitation.

[61]  F. Lord.  Applications of Item Response Theory To Practical Testing Problems , 1980 .

[62]  M. Gabl,et al.  Functional outcome with special attention to the DASH questionnaire following callus distraction and phalangization of the thumb after traumatic amputation in the middle one-third , 2003, Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery.

[63]  Michael Koller,et al.  A simulation study provided sample size guidance for differential item functioning (DIF) studies using short scales. , 2009, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[64]  David J Weiss,et al.  Psychometric Evaluation and Calibration of Health-Related Quality of Life Item Banks: Plans for the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) , 2007, Medical care.

[65]  D. Warwick,et al.  Dash and Boston Questionnaire Assessment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Outcome: What is the Responsiveness of an Outcome Questionnaire? , 2004, Journal of hand surgery.

[66]  D. R. Divgi.  DOES THE RASCH MODEL REALLY WORK FOR MULTIPLE CHOICE ITEMS? NOT IF YOU LOOK CLOSELY , 1986 .

[67]  K. Weinfurt,et al.  Using item banks to construct measures of patient reported outcomes in clinical trials: investigator perceptions , 2008, Clinical trials.

[68]  Manual muscle strength testing and dynamometry for bilateral ulnar neuropraxia in a surgeon. , 1995, Journal of hand therapy : official journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists.

[69]  David Thissen,et al.  A taxonomy of item response models , 1986 .

[70]  R. Hambleton,et al.  An NCME Instructional Module on Comparison of Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory and Their Applications to Test Development. , 2005 .

[71]  M. Kosinski,et al.  Calibration of an item pool for assessing the burden of headaches: An application of item response theory to the Headache Impact Test (HIT™) , 2003, Quality of Life Research.

[72]  Otto B. Walter,et al.  Development of a Computer-adaptive Test for Depression (D-CAT) , 2005, Quality of Life Research.

[73]  K. Cook,et al.  Dynamic assessment of health outcomes: time to let the CAT out of the bag? , 2005, Health services research.

[74]  Rob R. Meijer,et al.  Computerized Adaptive Testing: Overview and Introduction , 1999 .

[75]  J. Ware,et al.  Practical implications of item response theory and computerized adaptive testing: a brief summary of ongoing studies of widely used headache impact scales. , 2000, Medical care.

[76]  M Feuerstein,et al.  Measuring functional outcomes in work-related upper extremity disorders. Development and validation of the Upper Extremity Function Scale. , 1997, Journal of occupational and environmental medicine.

[77]  William R. Koch,et al.  An Investigation of Procedures for Computerized Adaptive Testing Using Partial Credit Scoring , 1989 .

[78]  Peter J. Pashley,et al.  Item selection and ability estimation adaptive testing , 2010 .

[79]  N. Bellamy,et al.  Responsiveness of the short form-36, disability of the arm, shoulder, and hand questionnaire, patient-rated wrist evaluation, and physical impairment measurements in evaluating recovery after a distal radius fracture. , 2000, The Journal of hand surgery.

[80]  R. Hambleton,et al.  Measuring global physical health in children with cerebral palsy: illustration of a multidimensional bi-factor model and computerized adaptive testing , 2009, Quality of Life Research.

[81]  R K Hambleton,et al.  Emergence of item response modeling in instrument development and data analysis. , 2000, Medical care.

[82]  A. G. Fisher.  Functional measures, Part 1: What is function, what should we measure, and how should we measure it? , 1992, The American journal of occupational therapy : official publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association.

[83]  J. Teresi.  Overview of Quantitative Measurement Methods: Equivalence, Invariance, and Differential Item Functioning in Health Applications , 2006, Medical care.

[84]  Barbara G. Dodd,et al.  A Comparison of Maximum Likelihood Estimation and Expected a Posteriori Estimation in CAT Using the Partial Credit Model , 1998 .

[85]  P. Hudak,et al.  Health status following recessional ulnar osteotomy. , 2000, Hand surgery : an international journal devoted to hand and upper limb surgery and related research : journal of the Asia-Pacific Federation of Societies for Surgery of the Hand.

[86]  I. Atroshi,et al.  The disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) outcome questionnaire: Reliability and validity of the Swedish version evaluated in 176 patients , 2000, Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica.

[87]  S. Haley,et al.  Measuring Physical Function in Patients with Complex Medical and Postsurgical Conditions: A Computer Adaptive Approach , 2005, American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation.

[88]  W. J. J. Veerkamp,et al.  Some New Item Selection Criteria for Adaptive Testing , 1994 .

[89]  M. Gschwentner,et al.  Treatment of distal radioulnar joint disorders with a modified Sauvé-Kapandji procedure: long-term outcome with special attention to the DASH Questionnaire , 2003, Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery.

[90]  S. Haley,et al.  Measurement precision and efficiency of multidimensional computer adaptive testing of physical functioning using the pediatric evaluation of disability inventory. , 2006, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[91]  R. D. Bock,et al.  Adaptive EAP Estimation of Ability in a Microcomputer Environment , 1982 .

[92]  P. Stratford,et al.  Simulated computerized adaptive test for patients with lumbar spine impairments was efficient and produced valid measures of function. , 2006, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[93]  Otto B. Walter,et al.  Development and evaluation of a computer adaptive test for ‘Anxiety’ (Anxiety-CAT) , 2007, Quality of Life Research.

[94]  C. McHorney,et al.  Health status assessment methods for adults: past accomplishments and future challenges. , 1999, Annual review of public health.

[95]  Richard C Gershon,et al.  Computer adaptive testing , 1994 .

[96]  Reducing Bias in CAT Trait Estimation: A Comparison of Approaches , 1999 .

[97]  David J. Weiss,et al.  Bias and Information of Bayesian Adaptive Testing , 1984 .

[98]  R. Betz,et al.  Measuring Physical Functioning in Children With Spinal Impairments With Computerized Adaptive Testing , 2008, Journal of pediatric orthopedics.

[99]  M. Kosinski,et al.  Score comparability of short forms and computerized adaptive testing: Simulation study with the activity measure for post-acute care. , 2004, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[100]  Harrie C. M. Vorst,et al.  Computerized Adaptive Testing for Polytomous Motivation Items: Administration Mode Effects and a Comparison With Short Forms , 2007 .

[101]  S. Reise,et al.  Item Response Theory and the Measurement of Clinical Change , 2005, Journal of personality assessment.

[102]  Lloyd G. Humphreys,et al.  The organization of human abilities. , 1962 .

[103]  Malcolm James Ree.  The Effects of Item Calibration Sample Size and Item Pool Size on Adaptive Testing , 1981 .

[104]  E. Andresen,et al.  Criteria for assessing the tools of disability outcomes research. , 2000, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[105]  G. Masters.  The Partial Credit Model , 2016 .

[106]  W. Gardner,et al.  Multidimensional Adaptive Testing for Mental Health Problems in Primary Care , 2002, Medical care.

[107]  J. Krishnan,et al.  Correlation between objective and subjective measures of hand function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. , 1999, Journal of hand therapy : official journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists.

[108]  Randall D. Penfield.  Applying Bayesian Item Selection Approaches to Adaptive Tests Using Polytomous Items , 2006 .

[109]  D. Bozentka,et al.  Functional outcome and complications following two types of dorsal plating for unstable fractures of the distal part of the radius. , 2003, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

[110]  David Andrich,et al.  Distinctive and Incompatible Properties of Two Common Classes of IRT Models for Graded Responses , 1995 .

[111]  P. Bentler,et al.  Significance Tests and Goodness of Fit in the Analysis of Covariance Structures , 1980 .

[112]  J. Macdermid,et al.  Cross-sectional and longitudinal construct validity of two rotator cuff disease-specific outcome measures , 2006, BMC musculoskeletal disorders.

[113]  Ssu-Kuang Chen,et al.  SIMPOLYCAT: An SAS program for conducting CAT simulation based on polytomous IRT models , 2009, Behavior research methods.

[114]  Aileen M. Davis,et al.  The DASH (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand) Outcome Measure: What do we know about it now? , 2001 .

[115]  G. Gage Kingsbury,et al.  Assessing the Utility of Item Response Models: Computerized Adaptive Testing. , 2005 .

[116]  G. Stucki,et al.  Responsiveness of the WOMAC osteoarthritis index as compared with the SF-36 in patients with osteoarthritis of the legs undergoing a comprehensive rehabilitation intervention. , 2001, Annals of the rheumatic diseases.

[117]  Ronald K. Hambleton,et al.  Information Curves and Efficiency of Three Logistic Test Models. , 1971 .

[118]  K. Meadows,et al.  The effectiveness of the use of patient-based measures of health in routine practice in improving the process and outcomes of patient care: a literature review. , 1999, Journal of evaluation in clinical practice.

[119]  Willard L. Miranker,et al.  Cortical memory dynamics , 1998, Biological Cybernetics.

[120]  J. Macdermid.  Measurement of health outcomes following tendon and nerve repair. , 2005, Journal of hand therapy : official journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists.

[121]  L. Andries van der Ark,et al.  Relationships and Properties of Polytomous Item Response Theory Models , 2001 .

[122]  R. Fitzpatrick,et al.  Impact of patient-reported outcome measures on routine practice: a structured review. , 2006, Journal of evaluation in clinical practice.

[123]  W. M. Yen.  Using Simulation Results to Choose a Latent Trait Model , 1981 .

[124]  R. J. Ayala.  The Influence of Dimensionality on Cat Ability Estimation , 1992 .

[125]  Responsiveness of the DASH score in surgically treated basal joint arthritis of the thumb: preliminary results. , 2004 .

[126]  S. Wise,et al.  The Utility of a Modified One-Parameter IRT Model With Small Samples , 1991 .

[127]  K. Cook,et al.  Simulated computerized adaptive test for patients with shoulder impairments was efficient and produced valid measures of function. , 2006, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[128]  J. Mcbride,et al.  Reliability and Validity of Adaptive Ability Tests in a Military Setting , 1983 .

[129]  Barbara G. Dodd,et al.  Operational Characteristics of Adaptive Testing Procedures Using the Graded Response Model , 1989 .

[130]  M J Buxton,et al.  Evaluating patient-based outcome measures for use in clinical trials. , 1998, Health technology assessment.

[131]  P. Hudak,et al.  Validity of health status measures in patients with ulnar wrist disorders. , 2001, Journal of hand therapy : official journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists.

[132]  P. Stratford,et al.  Computerized adaptive test for patients with foot or ankle impairments produced valid and responsive measures of function , 2008, Quality of Life Research.

[133]  P. Stratford,et al.  Simulated computerized adaptive tests for measuring functional status were efficient with good discriminant validity in patients with hip, knee, or foot/ankle impairments. , 2005, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[134]  B. Reeve.  Special Issues for Building Computerized-Adaptive Tests for Measuring Patient-Reported Outcomes: The National Institute of Health's Investment in New Technology , 2006, Medical care.

[135]  M. Mulcahey,et al.  Development of a parent‐report computer‐adaptive test to assess physical functioning in children with cerebral palsy II: upper‐extremity skills , 2009, Developmental medicine and child neurology.

[136]  A. Cieza,et al.  Physical disability due to musculoskeletal conditions. , 2007, Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology.

[137]  B. Zumbo.  A Handbook on the Theory and Methods of Differential Item Functioning (DIF) LOGISTIC REGRESSION MODELING AS A UNITARY FRAMEWORK FOR BINARY AND LIKERT-TYPE (ORDINAL) ITEM SCORES , 1999 .

[138]  James G Wright,et al.  Development of the QuickDASH: comparison of three item-reduction approaches. , 2005, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

[139]  An Introduction to Polytomous Item Response Theory Models. , 1993 .

[140]  Barbara G. Dodd,et al.  Computerized Adaptive Testing Using the Partial Credit Model: Effects Of Item Pool Characteristics and Different Stopping Rules , 1993 .

[141]  S. Embretson,et al.  Item response theory for psychologists , 2000 .

[142]  A. Jette,et al.  Short-form activity measure for post-acute care. , 2004, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[143]  Jennifer L. Kelsey,et al.  Upper Extremity Disorders: Frequency, Impact, and Cost , 1997 .

[144]  J. Kopec,et al.  Computerized Adaptive Testing in Back Pain: Validation of the CAT-5D-QOL , 2008, Spine.

[145]  C. Bombardier,et al.  Development of an upper extremity outcome measure: the DASH (disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand) [corrected]. The Upper Extremity Collaborative Group (UECG) , 1996, American journal of industrial medicine.

[146]  Jack T Dennerlein,et al.  The contribution of the wrist, elbow and shoulder joints to single-finger tapping. , 2007, Journal of biomechanics.

[147]  Henry H. Stonnington,et al.  Rehabilitation of the Hand: Surgery and Therapy , 1990 .

[148]  R. Hambleton,et al.  ANALYSIS OF EMPIRICAL DATA USING TWO LOGISTIC LATENT TRAIT MODELS , 1973 .

[149]  J. Davidson,et al.  A comparison of upper limb amputees and patients with upper limb injuries using the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) , 2004, Disability and rehabilitation.

[150]  S. Haley,et al.  Assessing self-care and social function using a computer adaptive testing version of the pediatric evaluation of disability inventory. , 2008, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[151]  Otto B. Walter,et al.  An evaluation of patient-reported outcomes found computerized adaptive testing was efficient in assessing stress perception. , 2009, Journal of clinical epidemiology.

[152]  Sandra V Kotsis,et al.  Responsiveness of the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire in carpal tunnel surgery. , 2005, The Journal of hand surgery.

[153]  ESTIMATING ABILITY WITH THREE ITEM RESPONSE MODELS WHEN THE MODELS ARE WRONG AND THEIR PARAMETERS ARE INACCURATE , 1984 .

[154]  Tony C. M. Lam,et al.  Assessing Differential Item Functioning in Performance Assessment: Review and Recommendations. , 2005 .

[155]  B. T. Hemker,et al.  Evaluation of Selection Procedures for Computerized Adaptive Testing with Polytomous Items , 2002 .

[156]  Robert M. Pruzek,et al.  The Robustness of the Unidimensional 3PL IRT Model When Applied to Two-dimensional Data in Computerized Adaptive Testing , 2002 .

[157]  Tianyou Wang,et al.  Properties of Ability Estimation Methods in Computerized Adaptive Testing , 1998 .

[158]  J. Thonnard,et al.  ABILHAND: a Rasch-built measure of manual ability. , 1998, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[159]  Nicole M Grosland,et al.  Impact of impaired wrist motion on hand and upper-extremity performance(1). , 2003, The Journal of hand surgery.

[160]  P. Fayers,et al.  Evaluating the effectiveness of using PROs in clinical practice: a role for cluster-randomised trials , 2008, Quality of Life Research.

[161]  G. Masters.  A rasch model for partial credit scoring , 1982 .

[162]  B. Hanson.  Uniform DIF and DIF Defined by Differences in Item Response Functions , 1998 .

[163]  A. Jette,et al.  Prospective Evaluation of the AM-PAC-CAT in Outpatient Rehabilitation Settings , 2007, Physical Therapy.

[164]  S. Reise,et al.  Parameter Recovery in the Graded Response Model Using MULTILOG , 1990 .

[165]  D. Weiss.  Computerized Adaptive Testing for Effective and Efficient Measurement in Counseling and Education , 2004 .

[166]  P. Raiss,et al.  [Range of motion of shoulder and elbow in activities of daily life in 3D motion analysis]. , 2007, Zeitschrift fur Orthopadie und Unfallchirurgie.

[167]  D. Weiss.  Adaptive testing by computer. , 1985, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.

[168]  P. Stratford,et al.  A computerized adaptive test for patients with hip impairments produced valid and responsive measures of function. , 2008, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[169]  M. Gameroff.  Using the Proportional Odds Model for Health-Related Outcomes : Why , When , and How with Various SAS ® Procedures , 2005 .

[170]  R. Gershon,et al.  Item Banks and Their Potential Applications to Health Status Assessment in Diverse Populations , 2006, Medical care.

[171]  Daniel J Buysse,et al.  Computerized adaptive measurement of depression: A simulation study , 2004, BMC psychiatry.

[172]  David J. Weiss,et al.  Improving Measurement Quality and Efficiency with Adaptive Testing , 1982 .

[173]  J. Shaffer.  Modified Sequentially Rejective Multiple Test Procedures , 1986 .

[174]  S. J. Sinclair,et al.  Item Response Theory and Computerized Adaptive Testing: Implications for Outcomes Measurement in Rehabilitation , 2005 .

[175]  Otto B. Walter,et al.  Functioning and validity of A Computerized Adaptive Test to measure anxiety (A‐CAT) , 2008, Depression and anxiety.

[176]  R. Gonzalez.  Applied Multivariate Statistics for the Social Sciences , 2003 .

[177]  Edward H. Haertel,et al.  Applicability of the Rasch Model with Varying Item Discriminations , 1976 .

[178]  Howard Wainer,et al.  Estimating Ability With the Wrong Model , 1987 .

[179]  The robustness of Rasch estimates , 1986 .

[180]  Garth R Johnson,et al.  A study of the external forces and moments at the shoulder and elbow while performing every day tasks. , 2004, Clinical biomechanics.

[181]  David A. Harrison,et al.  Robustness of Irt Parameter Estimation to Violations of The Unidimensionality Assumption , 1986 .

[182]  C. Bombardier,et al.  Measuring the whole or the parts? Validity, reliability, and responsiveness of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand outcome measure in different regions of the upper extremity. , 2001, Journal of hand therapy : official journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists.

[183]  C. Fox,et al.  Applying the Rasch Model: Fundamental Measurement in the Human Sciences , 2001 .

[184]  R. J. De Ayala,et al.  A Comparison of the Partial Credit and Graded Response Models in Computerized Adaptive Testing , 1992 .

[185]  A. Tennant,et al.  An initial application of computerized adaptive testing (CAT) for measuring disability in patients with low back pain , 2008, BMC musculoskeletal disorders.

[186]  Alan M Jette,et al.  Creating a computer adaptive test version of the late-life function and disability instrument. , 2008, The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences.

[187]  C. McHorney.  Ten Recommendations for Advancing Patient-Centered Outcomes Measurement for Older Persons , 2003, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[188]  Jakob B. Bjorner,et al.  Multidimensional Computerized Adaptive Testing of the EORTC QLQ-C30: Basic Developments and Evaluations , 2006, Quality of Life Research.

[189]  C. McHorney,et al.  Generic Health Measurement: Past Accomplishments and a Measurement Paradigm for the 21st Century , 1997, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[190]  K. Hassanein,et al.  A simulation of hand impairments: effects on upper extremity function and implications toward medical impairment rating and disability determination. , 1997, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[191]  Neil J. Dorans,et al.  Item Response Theory, Item Calibration, and Proficiency Estimation , 2000 .

[192]  E. Muraki.  A Generalized Partial Credit Model , 1997 .

[193]  A. Dowson,et al.  Applications of computerized adaptive testing (CAT) to the assessment of headache impact , 2003, Quality of Life Research.