Dynamic interpretation of falling weight deflectometer tests on flexible pavements using the spectral element method: backcalculation

A robust backcalculation methodology that uses the Levenberg–Marquardt iterative minimization technique is presented to identify the value of unknown layer parameters from falling weight deflectometer (FWD) tests using a dynamic approach based on the spectral element method. Backcalculation is performed in the time-domain with 20 observations on each deflection history. The efficiency of the proposed methodology is demonstrated by interpreting FWD tests on three flexible pavements that cover a variety of structures, soil, and bedrock conditions. Results indicate that the dynamic approach is capable of simulating quite well the measured deflection histories using effective backcalculated moduli. In addition, comparison of critical strains between static and dynamic interpretation of FWD tests indicates that both approaches predict similar traction strains at the bottom of the asphalt concrete layer. However, the prediction of the compression strain in the subgrade with the static approach is erratic compar...

[1]  David E. Newcomb,et al.  COMPARISON OF DYNAMIC AND STATIC BACKCALCULATION MODULI FOR THREE-LAYER PAVEMENTS , 1991 .

[2]  I. M. Idriss,et al.  Influence of Soil Conditions on Ground Motions During Earthquakes , 1969 .

[3]  Dieter Stolle,et al.  Modelling of dynamic response of pavements to impact loading , 1991 .

[4]  Robert L. Lytton,et al.  COMPARISON OF COMPUTER PREDICTIONS AND FIELD DATA FOR DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF FALLING WEIGHT DEFLECTOMETER DATA , 1991 .

[5]  Roger W. Meier,et al.  BACKCALCULATION OF FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT MODULI USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS , 1994 .

[6]  Stephen A. Rizzi,et al.  A spectral element approach to wave motion in layered solids , 1992 .

[7]  R. Al-Khoury,et al.  Spectral element technique for efficient parameter identification of layered media; Part II; Inverse calculation , 2001 .

[8]  Robert Meier,et al.  Backcalculation of Flexible Pavement Moduli from Falling Weight Deflectometer Data Using Artificial , 1995 .

[9]  S A Ketcham.  Dynamic response measurements and identification analysis of a pavement during falling-weight deflectometer experiments , 1993 .

[10]  Dieter Stolle,et al.  PARAMETER ESTIMATES OF PAVEMENT STRUCTURE LAYERS AND UNIQUENESS OF THE SOLUTION , 1989 .

[11]  Kunihito Matsui,et al.  Time Domain Backcalculation of Pavement Structure Material Properties Using 3D FEM with Ritz Vectors , 2001 .

[12]  R. LeVeque.  Finite Volume Methods for Hyperbolic Problems: Characteristics and Riemann Problems for Linear Hyperbolic Equations , 2002 .

[13]  James F. Doyle,et al.  Wave Propagation in Structures: Spectral Analysis Using Fast Discrete Fourier Transforms , 1997 .

[14]  Andrus Aavik,et al.  Use of Fwd Deflection Basin Parameters (SCI, BDI, BCI) for Pavement Condition Assessment , 2009 .

[15]  E. Kausel,et al.  Dynamic loads in the interior of a layered stratum: An explicit solution , 1982 .

[16]  George Turkiyyah.  Feasibility of Backcalculation Procedures Based on Dynamic FWD Response Data , 2005 .

[17]  Tatsuo Nishizawa,et al.  COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF BACKCALCULATED RESULTS FROM FWDS WITH DIFFERENT LOADING DURATION , 2000 .

[18]  Robert L. Lytton,et al.  DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF PERFORMANCE PREDICTION MODELS AND SPECIFICATIONS FOR ASPHALT BINDERS AND PAVING MIXES , 1993 .

[19]  Mary C. Hill,et al.  Methods and Guidelines for Effective Model Calibration , 2000 .

[20]  Yumin Vincent Kang,et al.  MULTIFREQUENCY BACK-CALCULATION OF PAVEMENT-LAYER MODULI , 1998 .

[21]  R. Al-Khoury,et al.  Spectral element technique for efficient parameter identification of layered media. I. Forward calculation , 2001 .

[22]  J. Konrad,et al.  Use of in situ penetration tests in pavement evaluation , 2001 .

[23]  Jacob Uzan.  Dynamic linear back calculation of pavement material parameters , 1994 .

[24]  E. Kausel,et al.  Stiffness matrices for layered soils , 1981 .

[25]  F. E. Richart,et al.  Vibrations of soils and foundations , 1970 .

[26]  Karim Chatti,et al.  Dynamic Time Domain Backcalculation of Layer Moduli, Damping, and Thicknesses in Flexible Pavements , 2004 .

[27]  Guk-Rwang Won.  American Society for Testing and Materials , 1987 .

[28]  L. E. Scales,et al.  Introduction to Non-Linear Optimization , 1985 .

[29]  N Stubbs,et al.  A Methodology to Identify Material Properties in Pavements Modeled as Layered Viscoelastic Halfspaces (Theory) , 1994 .

[30]  Karim Chatti,et al.  EVALUATION OF NONLINEAR AND DYNAMIC EFFECTS ON ASPHALT PAVEMENTS RESPONSE UNDER FWD LOADING , 2003 .

[31]  George Gazetas,et al.  Forced Vibrations of Strip Footings on Layered Soils , 1976 .

[32]  Michael S Mamlouk.  Use of Dynamic Analysis in Predicting Field Multilayer Pavement Moduli (Discussion and Closure) , 1985 .

[33]  E. Poeter,et al.  Documentation of UCODE; a computer code for universal inverse modeling , 1998 .

[34]  Simon GrenierS. Grenier,et al.  Dynamic simulation of falling weight deflectometer tests on flexible pavements using the spectral element method: forward calculations , 2009 .