Transboundary water dispute over the euphrates and Tigris River Basin - historical review and assessment of settlement potential.

本稿では，中東に位置するティグリス・ユーフラテス川流域を事例に国際河川紛争の解決要因の検討を行う．同流域では主にトルコ・シリア・イラクによる水争いが20世紀後半以降顕在化し，流域国間での合意形成が幾度にもわたって試みられたが，いずれも不調に終わり，現在に至っている．このような膠着状態を脱却する要件として，本稿では「イシューのパッケージ化」に着目した．特定の争点の妥協を誘引するためにその他の争点を交渉に導入する（イシューをパッケージ化する）という手法は意識的または無意識的に様々な資源交渉もしくは国際交渉の場で行われている（本稿では米国とメキシコの間のコロラド川水質汚染問題におけるイシューのパッケージ化を例示した）．ティグリス・ユーフラテス川の事例においても，流域国間でトレードオフが可能な争点としてエネルギー，国境貿易および経済開発，民族（クルド人）問題などが挙げられた．これらを水資源配分の問題と合わせて流域国間交渉に導入することにより，流域国の協調が達成可能となることが期待される．

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