Finite Element Modelling

The objective of this chapter is to present the necessary steps for the development of numerical models based on finite element method and the main aspects related to results interpretation of numerical models used in steel and composite structures simulation. It should be once more emphasised that the present book was conceived from an idea where the most important aspects of numerical modelling are introduced, as computer simulations of practical cases of numerical experiments are presented. Initially, some aspects and general questions will be addressed to elucidate key points of numerical modelling planning to ensure the validity and reliability of the performed computer simulations. The numerical modelling described in this chapter is based on the finite element method, traditionally adopted by structural engineers to simulate complex problems that usually cannot be solved with the suitable accuracy with mechanical, or simple analytical models. In summary this chapter aimed to introduce the necessary steps for the correct design, implementation, and interpretation of numerical model results of using the finite element method for the simulation of the response of steel and composite structures. These ideas are discussed throughout a series of numerical simulations depicting nonlinear responses focusing on their main details and restrictions in terms of boundary conditions, major difficulties, solution strategies, and methods to overcome convergence difficulties.

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