Computational structured illumination.

We propose a computational structured illumination method for flexible object observation and measurement, which is a gradual extension of computational imaging. In the method, the impulse responses of illumination (IRIs) are observed in advance, and then the optical reflection for an arbitrary illumination pattern is generated by the superposition of the impulse responses. As a benefit of the method, illumination patterns can be easily designed and adjusted for different purposes without physical experiments after the IRI observation, and the desired information can be reconstructed with the same process as that used in conventional-structure illumination methods. A high-precision optical setup does not have to be maintained physically because it is virtualized in a computer. We experimentally demonstrated three-dimensional shape measurement and signal separation between direct- and internal-reflection components using the proposed method.