Neuromorphic Microchips. (Cover story)

This article focuses on the development of neuromorphic microchips with the ability to restore vision. Kareem Zaghloul morphed all five layers of the retina in 2001 when he was a doctoral student in the lab, making it possible to emulate the visual messages that the ganglion cells, the retina's output neurons, send to the brain. In 2001 Brian Taba, a doctoral student in my lab, built a chip modeled on this facet of the brain's developmental process. INSETS: MAKING CONNECTIONS (BIOLOGICAL OR SILICON);ORIENTATION PREFERENCES IN THE BRAIN AND IN SILICON.