An empirical approach to the stopping power of solids and gases for ions from

A large collection of stopping power data for projectiles from 3Li to 18Ar is investigated as a possible basis for producing a table of stopping powers. We divide the experimental stopping powers for a particular projectile (nuclear charge Z1) by those for alpha particles in the same element, as given in ICRU Report 49. With proper normalization, we then obtain experimental stopping power ratios Srel that lie approximately on a single curve, provided we treat solid and gaseous targets separately, and provided we exclude H2 and He targets. For every projectile, this curve is then fitted by a 3-parameter sigmoid function Srel=Srel(a,b,c). We find that the three parameters a, b and c depend smoothly on Z1 and can themselves be fitted by suitable functions af,bf and cf of Z1, separately for solid and gaseous targets. The low energy limit (coefficient a) for solids agrees approximately with the prediction by Lindhard and Scharff. We find that agas<asol in almost all cases. Introducing the coefficients af , bf and cf in Srel, we can calculate the stopping power for any ion (3⩽Z1⩽18), and for any element (except H2 and He) and any mixture or compound contained in the ICRU table.

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