Medium voltage power distribution architecture with medium frequency isolation transformer for data centers

In this paper, a medium-voltage (MV) data center power distribution system (DC-PDS) architecture using medium-frequency (MF) link transformer isolation is introduced. The proposed approach significantly improves power density while maintaining high efficiency compared to conventional line-frequency based solutions. The approach also contributes to a reduction in PVC or copper used in conventional DC-PDS. First the MV transformed from the utility, is interfaced with a MV switch gear system and a diesel power generator (DPG) system. Then this MV is converted to the low voltages (LVs) required by the loads via MF transformer. The MF transformer primary side windings are connected to stacked AC-AC converters. The LV secondary windings are interfaced with several load systems and battery energy storage system (BESS) using different topologies like boost power factor corrector (PFC), PWM inverter, etc. The presence of MV switch gear and MF transformer in the architecture results in higher efficiency and power density.

[1]  P. N. Enjeti,et al.  A new wind turbine generator / battery energy storage utility interface converter topology with medium-frequency transformer , 2013, 2013 Twenty-Eighth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC).

[2]  Fred C. Lee,et al.  Implementation of single-phase boost power-factor-correction circuits in three-phase applications , 1997, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron..

[3]  Subhashish Bhattacharya,et al.  Design considerations of high voltage and high frequency three phase transformer for Solid State Transformer application , 2010, 2010 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition.

[4]  J. W. Kolar,et al.  Medium frequency transformers for solid-state-transformer applications — Design and experimental verification , 2013, 2013 IEEE 10th International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive Systems (PEDS).

[5]  Philip T. Krein.  A discussion of data center power challenges across the system , 2010, 2010 International Conference on Energy Aware Computing.

[6]  J. Koomey.  Worldwide electricity used in data centers , 2008 .

[7]  Bruce Nordman,et al.  Data Center Power Requirements: Measurements From Silicon Valley , 2003 .

[8]  I. Villar,et al.  Optimal design and experimental validation of a Medium-Frequency 400kVA power transformer for railway traction applications , 2012, 2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE).

[9]  M.G. Simoes,et al.  Experimental Evaluation of Active Filtering in a Single-Phase High-Frequency AC Microgrid , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[10]  M. Wiboonrat,et al.  Next Generation Data Center design under Smart Grid , 2012, 2012 Fourth International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN).

[11]  A. T. Russell,et al.  Sine Amplitude Converters for efficient datacenter power distribution , 2012, 2012 International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA).