CaO-based pellets supported by calcium aluminate cements for high-temperature CO2 capture.

The development of highly efficient CaO-based pellet sorbents, using inexpensive raw materials (limestones) or the spent sorbent from CO2 capture cycles, and commercially available calcium aluminate cements (CA-14, CA-25, Secar 51, and Secar 80), is described here. The pellets were prepared using untreated powdered limestones or their corresponding hydrated limes and were tested for their CO2 capture carrying capacities for 30 carbonation/calcination cycles in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). Their morphology was also investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and their compositions before and after carbonation/calcination cycleswere determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Pellets prepared in this manner showed superior behavior during CO2 capture cycles compared to natural sorbents, with the highest conversions being > 50% after 30 cycles. This improved performance was attributed to the resulting substructure of the sorbent particles, i.e., a porous structure with nanoparticles incorporated. During carbonation/calcination cycles mayenite (Ca12Al14O33) was formed, which is believed to be responsible for the favorable performance of synthetic CaO-based sorbents doped with alumina compounds. An added advantage of the pellets produced here is their superior strength, offering the possibility of using them in fluidized bed combustion (FBC) systems with minimal sorbent loss due to attrition.

[1]  E. Rubin,et al.  Sorbent Cost and Performance in CO2 Capture Systems , 2004 .

[2]  Vasilije Manovic,et al.  Parametric Study on the CO2 Capture Capacity of CaO-Based Sorbents in Looping Cycles , 2008 .

[3]  Hongguang Jin,et al.  A Novel Combustor Based on Chemical-Looping Reactions and Its Reaction Kinetics , 1994 .

[4]  J. C. Abanades,et al.  Cost structure of a postcombustion CO2 capture system using CaO. , 2007, Environmental science & technology.

[5]  John R. Grace,et al.  Investigation of Attempts to Improve Cyclic CO2 Capture by Sorbent Hydration and Modification , 2008 .

[6]  Bo Feng,et al.  Screening of CO2 adsorbing materials for zero emission power generation systems , 2007 .

[7]  Ningsheng Cai,et al.  Synthesis, experimental studies, and analysis of a new calcium-based carbon dioxide absorbent , 2005 .

[8]  Robin W. Hughes,et al.  Design, Process Simulation, and Construction of an Atmospheric Dual Fluidized Bed Combustion System for In Situ CO2 Capture Using High-temperature Sorbents , 2005 .

[9]  Sotiris E. Pratsinis,et al.  Flame-Made Durable Doped-CaO Nanosorbents for CO2 Capture , 2009 .

[10]  J. C. Abanades,et al.  Conversion Limits in the Reaction of CO2 with Lime , 2003 .

[11]  E. Anthony.  Solid looping cycles: A new technology for coal conversion , 2008 .

[12]  Nicholas H. Florin,et al.  Enhanced hydrogen production from biomass with in situ carbon dioxide capture using calcium oxide sorbents , 2008 .

[13]  V. Manović,et al.  Sulphation and carbonation properties of hydrated sorbents from a fluidized bed CO2 looping cycle reactor , 2008 .

[14]  Robin W. Hughes,et al.  Improved Long-Term Conversion of Limestone-Derived Sorbents for In Situ Capture of CO2 in a Fluidized Bed Combustor , 2004 .

[15]  L. Barelli,et al.  Hydrogen production through sorption-enhanced steam methane reforming and membrane technology : A review , 2008 .

[16]  J. S. Dennis,et al.  The rate and extent of uptake of CO2 by a synthetic, CaO-containing sorbent , 2009 .

[17]  Angeliki A. Lemonidou,et al.  Parametric Study of the CaO−Ca12Al14O33 Synthesis with Respect to High CO2 Sorption Capacity and Stability on Multicycle Operation , 2008 .

[18]  Edward J. Anthony,et al.  On the Decay Behavior of the CO2 Absorption Capacity of CaO-Based Sorbents , 2005 .

[19]  Robin W. Hughes,et al.  Attrition of Calcining Limestones in Circulating Fluidized-Bed Systems , 2007 .

[20]  K. Yi,et al.  Properties of a Nano CaO/Al2O3 CO2 Sorbent , 2008 .

[21]  John R. Grace,et al.  The effect of CaO sintering on cyclic CO2 capture in energy systems , 2007 .

[22]  A. I. Lysikov,et al.  Change of CO2 Carrying Capacity of CaO in Isothermal Recarbonation−Decomposition Cycles , 2007 .

[23]  Robin W. Hughes,et al.  Ca-based sorbent looping combustion for CO2 capture in pilot-scale dual fluidized beds , 2008 .

[24]  V. Manović,et al.  Screening of Binders for Pelletization of CaO-Based Sorbents for CO2 Capture† , 2009 .

[25]  Juan Carlos Abanades,et al.  Economics of CO2 Capture Using the Calcium Cycle with a Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustor , 2007 .

[26]  P. Fennell,et al.  Regeneration of sintered limestone sorbents for the sequestration of CO2 from combustion and other systems , 2007 .

[27]  Stefan Bachu,et al.  CO2 storage in geological media: Role, means, status and barriers to deployment , 2008 .

[28]  John F. Davidson,et al.  The Effects of Repeated Cycles of Calcination and Carbonation on a Variety of Different Limestones, as Measured in a Hot Fluidized Bed of Sand , 2007 .

[29]  J. C. Abanades.  The maximum capture efficiency of CO2 using a carbonation/calcination cycle of CaO/CaCO3 , 2002 .

[30]  Vasilije Manovic,et al.  Steam hydration of sorbents from a dual fluidized bed CO2 looping cycle reactor , 2008 .

[31]  Vasilije Manovic,et al.  Steam reactivation of spent CaO-based sorbent for multiple CO2 capture cycles. , 2007, Environmental science & technology.

[32]  H. Herzog,et al.  What future for carbon capture and sequestration? , 2001, Environmental science & technology.

[33]  T. Shimizu,et al.  A twin fluid-bed reactor for removal of CO2 from combustion processes , 1999 .

[34]  B. R. Stanmore,et al.  Review—calcination and carbonation of limestone during thermal cycling for CO2 sequestration , 2005 .

[35]  E. H. Baker,et al.  87. The calcium oxide–carbon dioxide system in the pressure range 1—300 atmospheres , 1962 .

[36]  E. J. Anthony,et al.  Fluidized bed combustion systems integrating CO2 capture with CaO. , 2005, Environmental science & technology.