Long-Baseline TWSTFT Between Asia and Europe

A Two-Way Satellite Time and Frequency (TWSTFT) link between Asia and Europe was established in 2005 connecting the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) and the Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) with the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB). In this report, we investigate factors which potentially limit the stability and accuracy of the overall measurement configuration. This includes analysis of the ionospheric effects and satellite motion, as well as the influence of the environmental conditions on the internal delays of the ground stations. Delay variations of some tenths of a nanosecond have been modeled, explaining partially the observed variations.

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