Leveraging social network analysis for research on journalism in the information age

Advances in information and communication technologies connect media organizations, media content, and audiences in new ways. This essay advocates the use of a relational approach to study journalism and media in the information age. This article begins with a review of the communication network typology, highlighting its applicability to journalism studies. A review of journalism studies that use social network analysis reveals a number of new opportunities for research. Finally, the essay illustrates the heuristic value of the communication network typology and multidimensional networks for the study of journalism and media.

[1]  Priscilla Murphy The Intractability of Reputation: Media Coverage as a Complex System in the Case of Martha Stewart , 2010 .

[2]  Raymond W. Mack,et al.  Social change in developing areas : a reinterpretation of evolutionary theory , 1967 .

[3]  James A. Danowski Short-term and long-term effects of a public relations campaign on semantic networks of newspaper content: Priming or framing? , 2008 .

[4]  Manuel Castells,et al.  The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture , 1999 .

[5]  D. Byrne The Attraction Paradigm , 1971 .

[6]  Official Chinese media representations of US business, 1979–2011: A text mining approach , 2014 .

[7]  Zixue Tai The Structure of Knowledge and Dynamics of Scholarly Communication in Agenda Setting Research, 1996–2005 , 2009 .

[8]  G. Veltri Information flows and centrality among elite European newspapers , 2012 .

[9]  Mike Thelwall,et al.  Developing network indicators for ideological landscapes from the political blogosphere in South Korea , 2008, J. Comput. Mediat. Commun..

[10]  A. Yang,et al.  The power of activist networks in the mass self-communication era: A triangulation study of the impact of WikiLeaks on the stock value of Bank of America , 2013 .

[11]  Lei Guo,et al.  The Application of Social Network Analysis in Agenda Setting Research: A Methodological Exploration , 2012 .

[12]  Scott A. Longwell,et al.  TWITTER AND DISASTERS , 2013 .

[13]  Jelena Vukonjanski,et al.  The impact of internal communication on strategic and economic effects in Serbian companies , 2012 .

[14]  Pieter Verdegem,et al.  Conversations about the elections on Twitter: Towards a structural understanding of Twitter’s relation with the political and the media field , 2014 .

[15]  C. W. Anderson Journalistic Networks and the Diffusion of Local News: The Brief, Happy News Life of the “Francisville Four” , 2010 .

[16]  Matthew S. Weber,et al.  Newspapers and the Long-Term Implications of Hyperlinking , 2012, J. Comput. Mediat. Commun..

[17]  Peter R. Monge,et al.  Communication Network Evolution in Organizational Communities , 2008 .

[18]  Arun Sundararajan,et al.  Distinguishing influence-based contagion from homophily-driven diffusion in dynamic networks , 2009, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[19]  R. Burt Social Contagion and Innovation: Cohesion versus Structural Equivalence , 1987, American Journal of Sociology.

[20]  Junhao Hong,et al.  The Influence of Geopolitics and Foreign Policy on the U.S. and Canadian Media: An Analysis of Newspaper Coverage of Sudan's Darfur Conflict: , 2007 .

[21]  Clarissa C. David,et al.  News Frames of the Population Issue in the Philippines: Do They Reflect Strategic Frames of Message Sources? , 2010 .

[22]  M. Tremayne The Web of Context: Applying Network Theory to the Use of Hyperlinks in Journalism on the Web , 2004 .

[23]  Nicholas W. Jankowski,et al.  A Hyperlink Network Analysis of Citizen Blogs in South Korean Politics , 2008 .

[24]  Michelle Shumate,et al.  A Taxonomy of Communication Networks , 2013 .

[25]  Tyler J. Horan,et al.  ‘SOFT’ VERSUS ‘HARD’ NEWS ON MICROBLOGGING NETWORKS , 2013 .

[26]  Leo Kim,et al.  Media framing of stem cell research: a cross-national analysis of political representation of science between the UK and South Korea , 2011 .

[27]  Thomas B. Ksiazek,et al.  The Dynamics of Audience Fragmentation: Public Attention in an Age of Digital Media , 2012 .

[28]  Mark Deuze,et al.  The Web and its Journalisms: Considering the Consequences of Different Types of Newsmedia Online , 2003, New Media Soc..

[29]  Marc Ziegele,et al.  What Creates Interactivity in Online News Discussions? An Exploratory Analysis of Discussion Factors in User Comments on News Items , 2014 .

[30]  Maureen Taylor,et al.  Beyond a dyadic approach to public diplomacy: Understanding relationships in multipolar world , 2012 .

[31]  M. Sobel,et al.  Sociological Methodology - 2001 , 2001 .

[32]  Kyungmo Kim,et al.  The Determinants of International News Flow , 1996 .

[33]  C. Chung,et al.  News Coverage Analysis of SNSs and the Arab Spring: Using Mixed Methods , 2013 .

[34]  Clarissa C. David,et al.  Framing the population debate: a comparison of source and news frames in the Philippines , 2010 .

[35]  Peter Verweij,et al.  TWITTER LINKS BETWEEN POLITICIANS AND JOURNALISTS , 2012 .

[36]  Lei Guo,et al.  Exploring “the World Outside and the Pictures in Our Heads” , 2014 .

[37]  E. Katz The Two-Step Flow of Communication: An Up-To-Date Report on an Hypothesis , 1957 .

[38]  Ben Shneiderman,et al.  Tweeting Apart: Applying Network Analysis to Detect Selective Exposure Clusters in Twitter , 2013 .

[39]  Itai Himelboim,et al.  The International Network Structure of News Media: An Analysis of Hyperlinks Usage in News Web sites , 2010 .

[40]  Sonja Utz,et al.  Strategic framing in the BP crisis: A semantic network analysis of associative frames , 2012 .

[41]  Thomas B. Ksiazek,et al.  A Network Analytic Approach to Understanding Cross-Platform Audience Behavior , 2011 .

[42]  Donghee Don Shin,et al.  Structural change in search engine news service: a social network perspective , 2012, Asian Journal of Communication.

[43]  Daniel J. Brass,et al.  Network Analysis in the Social Sciences , 2009, Science.

[44]  Elad Segev,et al.  America's Global Standing According to Popular News Sites From Around the World , 2013 .

[45]  J. Kleinnijenhuis,et al.  Polarization in the Media During an Election Campaign: A Dynamic Network Model Predicting Support and Attack Among Political Actors , 2013 .

[46]  Thomas B. Ksiazek,et al.  The Duality of Structure in China's National Television Market: A Network Analysis of Audience Behavior , 2011 .

[47]  S. Adam Do Mass Media Portray Europe as a Community? , 2008 .

[48]  Peter R. Monge,et al.  Theories of Communication Networks , 2003 .

[49]  Itai Himelboim,et al.  Reply distribution in online discussions: A comparative network analysis of political and health newsgroups , 2008, J. Comput. Mediat. Commun..

[50]  Peter R. Monge,et al.  Network Theory | Multidimensional Networks and the Dynamics of Sociomateriality: Bringing Technology Inside the Network , 2011 .

[51]  Ki Deuk Hyun,et al.  Americanization of Web-Based Political Communication? A Comparative Analysis of Political Blogospheres in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany , 2012 .

[52]  Robert N. Stern,et al.  The External Control of Organizations: A Resource Dependence Perspective. , 1979 .

[53]  M. S. Weber,et al.  The Flow of Digital News in a Network of Sources, Authorities, and Hubs , 2011 .

[54]  Junho Choi,et al.  Structural Implications of the Crossposting Network of International News in Cyberspace , 1999 .

[55]  Itai Himelboim,et al.  International Network of Foreign News Coverage: Old Global Hierarchies in a New Online World , 2010 .

[56]  Stephen D. Reese,et al.  Mapping the blogosphere , 2007 .

[57]  Wouter de Nooy,et al.  Adjustment of issue positions based on network strategies in an election campaign: A two-mode network autoregression model with cross-nested random effects , 2013, Soc. Networks.

[58]  August E. Grant,et al.  The Structure of News Sources on Television: A Network Analysis of “CBS News,”“Nightline,”“MacNeil/Lehrer,” and “This Week with David Brinkley” , 1994 .

[59]  M. Castells Communication Power: Mass Communication, Mass Self-Communication and Power Relationships in the Network Society , 2009, Media and Society.

[60]  Simon Lindgren PIRATE PANICS , 2013 .

[61]  Wouter van Atteveldt,et al.  Media logic in election campaign coverage , 2013 .

[62]  Han Woo Park,et al.  Mediated relations: new methods to study online social capital , 2011 .