Parallel loss of sweet and umami taste receptor function from phocids and otarioids suggests multiple colonizations of the marine realm by pinnipeds

Pinnipeds are thought to have evolved from a North Pacific ancestor, although some fossil evidence suggests a nonmarine Arctic origin and separate invasions into the North Pacific and North Atlantic. We here set out to test differing hypotheses about the origin of pinnipeds through identification and age estimation of pinniped marine invasions.

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