STUDY ABOUT DISTRIBUTION OF SEATS OF ISLAMIC CONSULTATIVE ASSEMBLY (MAJLIS) IN IRAN

Introduction An election is a formal decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold elected status. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operated since the 17th century. Elections may fill offices in the legislature, sometimes in the executive and judiciary, and for regional and local governments. This process is also used in many other private and business organizations, from clubs to voluntary associations and corporations. The universal use of elections as a tool for selecting representatives in modern democracies is in contrast with the practice in the democratic archetype, ancient Athens. The elections were considered as an oligarchic institution and most of the political offices were filled using sortation, also known as allotment by which officeholders were chosen by lot. In many countries, with weak rule of law, the most common reason why elections do not meet international standards of being "free and fair" is interference from the incumbent government. In democratic systems, the citizens can influence the governmental decisions, legislations, their own destiny, and the actions performed in their community by selected institutions. This can be done through direct and indirect methods such as election, electoral process, and decision-making. Legislative assembly is one of the basic institutes to reach these goals that are established in almost all countries. The representatives are elected by the people to advance the goals of their community by attending legislation. The main task of this institute that its representatives specified by direct vote of the citizens is to approve fair social, political, economic, and cultural legislation in the state.