The development of a computer controlled system to simulate in rats, the rapid, frequent changes in oxygen experienced by preterm infants developing retinopathy of prematurity

Preterm infants that develop severe ROP have significantly more fluctuations in their transcutaneous oxygen compared to mild or no ROP, despite the fact that all these infants are kept within clinically 'safe' limits. Current animal models do not accurately reflect this oxygen environment. Our aim was to custom build equipment capable of reproducing the transcutaneous oxygen (TcPO2) levels recorded by infant cotside monitoring equipment in a rat model and assess the equipment's precision. Using previously published data for therat that translates TcPo2 into the equivalent inspired FiO, a profile was derived from a datalog of TcPO2 values recorded every minute for 14 days in an infant that had developed severe ROP. This profile was controlled in the animal chamber by software algorithms which calculated the amount and type of gas to be injected to move oxygen to each new set-point. CO2 regulation within the chamber was also possible. Absolute differences between the datalog set-points (n=17, 465) and the oxygen sensor were median 0.3% oxygen, IQR 0.2-0.7% oxygen, with 95% of the differences < +/- 2% oxygen. The equipment is capable of reproducing the oxygen environment experienced by a preterm ventilated infant, giving a satisfactory level of precision.