Organization of local axon collaterals of efferent projection neurons in rat visual cortex

We have studied the laminar origins of local long‐range connections within rat primary visual cortex (area 17), by using retrograde tracing of nerve cell bodies with fluorescent markers. Injections throughout the thickness of cortex produce distinct laminar labeling patterns which indicate that a substantial number of cells in layers 2/3, 5, and 6 have wide local axon collateral arbors, while the local arbors of layer 4 cells are much narrower. Double labeling experiments which combined area 17 injections with injections into different projection targets of area 17 (opposite area 17, area 18a, and area 18b) show that many cortico‐cortically projecting cells make widespread projections within area 17. In contrast, the overwhelming majority of subcortically projecting cells have narrow collateral arbors within area 17.