Hybrid analog-digital MEMS fiber-optic variable attenuator

To the best of our knowledge, this letter demonstrates the first hybrid analog-digital design fiber-optic variable optical attenuator (VOA) that can simultaneously provide high dynamic range as well as super resolution attenuation controls. The demonstrated VOA shows an 81-dB controlled dynamic range, a <0.1-dB resolution, a 2.25-dB optical loss, a <0.05-dB polarization-dependant loss, and C-band operations. The VOA is suited for optical test and instrument applications.