Names and faces in the news

We show quite good face clustering is possible for a dataset of inaccurately and ambiguously labelled face images. Our dataset is 44,773 face images, obtained by applying a face finder to approximately half a million captioned news images. This dataset is more realistic than usual face recognition datasets, because it contains faces captured "in the wild" in a variety of configurations with respect to the camera, taking a variety of expressions, and under illumination of widely varying color. Each face image is associated with a set of names, automatically extracted from the associated caption. Many, but not all such sets contain the correct name. We cluster face images in appropriate discriminant coordinates. We use a clustering procedure to break ambiguities in labelling and identify incorrectly labelled faces. A merging procedure then identifies variants of names that refer to the same individual. The resulting representation can be used to label faces in news images or to organize news pictures by individuals present. An alternative view of our procedure is as a process that cleans up noisy supervised data. We demonstrate how to use entropy measures to evaluate such procedures.

[1]  L Sirovich,et al.  Low-dimensional procedure for the characterization of human faces. , 1987, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics and image science.

[2]  Alex Pentland,et al.  Face recognition using eigenfaces , 1991, Proceedings. 1991 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[3]  F. Quimby What's in a picture? , 1993, Laboratory animal science.

[4]  Michael C. Burl,et al.  Finding faces in cluttered scenes using random labeled graph matching , 1995, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision.

[5]  David J. Kriegman,et al.  Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces: Recognition Using Class Specific Linear Projection , 1996, ECCV.

[6]  David J. Kriegman,et al.  Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces: Recognition Using Class Specific Linear Projection , 1996, ECCV.

[7]  Bernhard Schölkopf,et al.  Nonlinear Component Analysis as a Kernel Eigenvalue Problem , 1998, Neural Computation.

[8]  Rama Chellappa,et al.  Discriminant analysis of principal components for face recognition , 1998, Proceedings Third IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition.

[9]  Narendra Ahuja,et al.  Face recognition using kernel eigenfaces , 2000, Proceedings 2000 International Conference on Image Processing (Cat. No.00CH37101).

[10]  Christopher K. I. Williams,et al.  Using the Nyström Method to Speed Up Kernel Machines , 2000, NIPS.

[11]  Ralph Gross,et al.  Quo vadis Face Recognition , 2001 .

[12]  Jitendra Malik,et al.  Geometric blur for template matching , 2001, Proceedings of the 2001 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. CVPR 2001.

[13]  Cordelia Schmid,et al.  Constructing models for content-based image retrieval , 2001, Proceedings of the 2001 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. CVPR 2001.

[14]  David A. Forsyth,et al.  Clustering art , 2001, Proceedings of the 2001 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. CVPR 2001.

[15]  George A. Miller,et al.  WordNet: A Lexical Database for the English Language , 2002 .

[16]  Andrew W. Fitzgibbon,et al.  On Affine Invariant Clustering and Automatic Cast Listing in Movies , 2002, ECCV.

[17]  Pietro Perona,et al.  Object class recognition by unsupervised scale-invariant learning , 2003, 2003 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2003. Proceedings..

[18]  David A. Forsyth,et al.  Matching Words and Pictures , 2003, J. Mach. Learn. Res..

[19]  Thomas Vetter,et al.  Face Recognition Based on Fitting a 3D Morphable Model , 2003, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[20]  David A. Forsyth,et al.  Words and Pictures in the News , 2003, HLT-NAACL 2003.

[21]  David A. Forsyth,et al.  Using temporal coherence to build models of animals , 2003, Proceedings Ninth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision.

[22]  Michael I. Jordan,et al.  Kernel independent component analysis , 2003 .

[23]  Jitendra Malik,et al.  Spectral grouping using the Nystrom method , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[24]  Yee Whye Teh,et al.  Names and faces in the news , 2004, CVPR 2004.

[25]  Ralph Gross,et al.  Appearance-based face recognition and light-fields , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.