A new generation of QHARS: discussion about the technical criteria for quantization

New quantum Hall array resistance standards (QHARS) with nominal values in the range from RK/200 to 50RK (i = 2 plateau) have been developed (RK is the von Klitzing constant). The design of the QHARS based on the connection in parallel of Hall bars is made suitable for use in both magnetic field directions. Measurements performed with currents up to 4 mA at 1.3 K show that RK/200 (~129 Ω) and 16RK/4130 (~100 Ω) resistance standards have Hall resistances which agree with their nominal values within 5 parts in 109 (1σ). While increasing the temperature, the Hall resistance varies linearly with the longitudinal resistance. Because the sign of this deviation depends on the magnetic field direction, the average of the Hall resistance values measured for both magnetic field directions remains constant within 5 parts in 109 up to 4.2 K. Owing to their large working current, these QHARS have allowed an accurate calibration of a 100 Ω wire resistor using a commercial resistance bridge. An RK/20 (~1290 Ω) resistance standard made of ten Hall bars placed in parallel by quadruple connections has also been studied. It is found that the resistances measured by using three different voltage terminal pairs agree within 5 parts in 109 in relative value.

[1]  G. Dorda,et al.  New Method for High-Accuracy Determination of the Fine-Structure Constant Based on Quantized Hall Resistance , 1980 .

[2]  M. E. Cage,et al.  Temperature dependence of the quantum Hall resistance , 1984 .

[3]  C. Harmans,et al.  A geometric explanation of the temperature dependence of the quantised Hall resistance , 1988 .

[4]  F. Delahaye,et al.  Technical Guidelines for Reliable Measurements of the Quantized Hall Resistance , 1989 .

[5]  Direct comparisons of quantized Hall resistances , 1990 .

[6]  F. Delahaye,et al.  Series and parallel connection of multiterminal quantum Hall‐effect devices , 1993 .

[7]  Polyakov,et al.  Conductivity-peak broadening in the quantum Hall regime. , 1993, Physical review. B, Condensed matter.

[8]  B. Jeanneret,et al.  Influence of the voltage contacts on the four-terminal quantized Hall resistance in the nonlinear regime , 1997 .

[9]  Blaise Jeanneret,et al.  High-precision measurements of the quantized Hall resistance:Experimental conditions for universality , 1997 .

[10]  J. P. André,et al.  Quantum resistance standards with double 2DEG , 2002, Conference Digest Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements.

[11]  Dominique Reymann,et al.  Analysis of different measurement set-ups for a programmable Josephson voltage standard , 2002, Conference Digest Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements.

[12]  F. Piquemal,et al.  RK/100 and RK/200 quantum Hall array resistance standards , 2002 .

[13]  B. Jeckelmann,et al.  Revised technical guidelines for reliable dc measurements of the quantized Hall resistance , 2003 .