Functional link convolutional neural network for the classification of diabetes mellitus

Diabetes is a faction of metabolic ailments distinguished by hyperglycemia which is the consequence of a defect ,in the action of insulin, insulin secretion, or both and producing various abnormalities in the human body. In recent years, the utilization of intelligent systems has been expanded in disease classification and numerous researches have been proposed. In this research article, a variant of Convolutional Neural Network i.e. Functional Link Convolutional Neural Network (FLCNN) is proposed for the diabetes classification. The main goal of this article is to find the potential of a computationally less complex deep learning network like FLCNN and applied the proposed technique on a real dataset of diabetes for classification. This article also presents the comparative studies where various other machine learning techniques are implemented and outcomes are compared with the proposed FLCNN network. The performance of each classification techniques have been evaluated based on standard measures and also validated with a non-parametric statistical test such as Friedman. Data for modelling diabetes classification is collected from Bombay Medical Hall, Upper Bazar, Ranchi, India. Accuracy achieve by the proposed classifier is more than 90 percent which is closer to the other state-of-the-art implemented classifiers. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

[1]  Jun Zhang,et al.  Insect Detection and Classification Based on an Improved Convolutional Neural Network , 2018, Sensors.

[2]  Sanchita Paul,et al.  Implementation and Analysis of Classification Algorithms for Diabetes. , 2020, Current medical imaging.

[3]  Damodar Reddy Edla,et al.  Type 2 diabetes data classification using stacked autoencoders in deep neural networks , 2019, Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health.

[4]  J. Rodríguez-Saldaña The Diabetes Textbook , 2019, Springer International Publishing.

[5]  Mehdi Teimouri,et al.  Comparison of various classification algorithms in the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in Iran , 2016, International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries.

[6]  S. Silveiro,et al.  Classificação do diabete melito , 2010 .

[7]  U. Rajendra Acharya,et al.  An Integrated Index for the Identification of Diabetic Retinopathy Stages Using Texture Parameters , 2012, Journal of Medical Systems.

[8]  L. Dițu,et al.  Gut Microbiota, Host Organism, and Diet Trialogue in Diabetes and Obesity , 2019, Front. Nutr..

[9]  S. Jeyalatha,et al.  Diagnosis of diabetes using classification mining techniques , 2015, ArXiv.

[10]  Sudhansu Kumar Mishra,et al.  Multichannel heuristic learning based single layer neural network filter for mixed noise suppression from color Doppler ultrasound images , 2021, J. Real Time Image Process..

[11]  Sweta Kumari,et al.  Improved Convolutional Neural Network and Heuristic Technique based Forecasting and Sizing of Hybrid Renewable Energy System , 2021 .

[12]  Juan Manuel Górriz,et al.  Covid-19 classification by FGCNet with deep feature fusion from graph convolutional network and convolutional neural network , 2020, Information Fusion.

[13]  Ayman El-Baz,et al.  Accurate Diabetes Risk Stratification Using Machine Learning: Role of Missing Value and Outliers , 2018, Journal of Medical Systems.

[14]  C. Mathews,et al.  Pancreas-enriched miRNAs are altered in the circulation of subjects with diabetes: a pilot cross-sectional study , 2016, Scientific Reports.

[15]  E. Park,et al.  Comparison of five systems of classification of diabetic foot ulcers and predictive factors for amputation , 2017, International wound journal.

[16]  Sudhansu Kumar Mishra,et al.  Adaptive comprehensive particle swarm optimisation-based functional-link neural network filtre model for denoising ultrasound images , 2021, IET Image Process..

[17]  L. Philipson,et al.  Update on diabetes classification. , 2015, The Medical clinics of North America.

[18]  Ali Narin,et al.  Early prediction of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation based on short-term heart rate variability , 2018, Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications.

[19]  Li Zhang,et al.  Hybrid decision tree and naïve Bayes classifiers for multi-class classification tasks , 2014, Expert Syst. Appl..

[20]  Matjaz Perc,et al.  Performance of small-world feedforward neural networks for the diagnosis of diabetes , 2017, Appl. Math. Comput..

[21]  Prabhat Kumar,et al.  Performance evaluation of classification methods with PCA and PSO for diabetes , 2020 .

[22]  Ling Wang,et al.  Evaluating the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus using artificial neural network: an effective classification approach. , 2013, Diabetes research and clinical practice.

[23]  Pradeep Singh,et al.  A rule extraction approach from support vector machines for diagnosing hypertension among diabetics , 2019, Expert Syst. Appl..

[24]  I. Vlahavas,et al.  Machine Learning and Data Mining Methods in Diabetes Research , 2017, Computational and structural biotechnology journal.

[25]  Sungzoon Cho,et al.  An efficient and effective ensemble of support vector machines for anti-diabetic drug failure prediction , 2015, Expert Syst. Appl..

[26]  Manal Alghamdi,et al.  Predicting diabetes mellitus using SMOTE and ensemble machine learning approach: The Henry Ford ExercIse Testing (FIT) project , 2017, PloS one.

[27]  2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2018 , 2017, Diabetes Care.

[28]  D. K. Choubey,et al.  Comparative Analysis of Classification Methods with PCA and LDA for Diabetes. , 2020, Current diabetes reviews.

[29]  J. Ginoux,et al.  Is type 1 diabetes a chaotic phenomenon? , 2018, Chaos, Solitons & Fractals.

[30]  Deepak Gupta,et al.  A Survey on Medical Diagnosis of Diabetes Using Machine Learning Techniques , 2018, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing.

[31]  Shitala Prasad,et al.  Classification of Diabetic Patient Data Using Machine Learning Techniques , 2018 .

[32]  Sudhakar Tripathi,et al.  Classification of Diabetes by Kernel based SVM with PSO , 2019 .

[33]  Diabetes and the Skin , 2018 .

[34]  N. Yuvaraj,et al.  Diabetes prediction in healthcare systems using machine learning algorithms on Hadoop cluster , 2017, Cluster Computing.

[35]  Yudong Zhang,et al.  Improved Breast Cancer Classification Through Combining Graph Convolutional Network and Convolutional Neural Network , 2021, Inf. Process. Manag..

[36]  T. Vatanen,et al.  Intestinal virome changes precede autoimmunity in type I diabetes-susceptible children , 2017, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[37]  Aimin Hao,et al.  Multitask Cascade Convolution Neural Networks for Automatic Thyroid Nodule Detection and Recognition , 2019, IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics.

[38]  Vinod Sharma,et al.  Diagnosis of diabetes type-II using hybrid machine learning based ensemble model , 2018, International Journal of Information Technology.

[39]  Sung-Bae Cho,et al.  An improved swarm optimized functional link artificial neural network (ISO-FLANN) for classification , 2012, J. Syst. Softw..